A/HRC/45/55 of goods and persons, access to police and gendarmerie stations and courts to lodge complaints or to request services, the registration of births at the civil registry and the conduct of investigations by the ordinary courts, the Special Criminal Court and the Truth, Justice, Reparation and Reconciliation Commission. 31. Overall, violence has decreased. During the fourth quarter of 2019, 234 incidents of abuse and violations of human rights and international humanitarian law affecting at least 421 civilians (249 men, 61 women, 20 girls, 11 boys, 47 unidentified victims and 33 groups of collective victims) were documented. The number of incidents increased slightly by 2.13 per cent and the number of victims decreased by 10.42 per cent compared to the previous quarter (July to September 2019), when 229 incidents affecting 470 civilians were recorded. During this quarter, the prefectures most affected by human rights abuses and violations were those of Ouham, Ouaka, Ouham-Pendé, Bamingui-Bangoran and HauteKotto. 32. Moreover, the first quarter of 2020 was characterized by attacks against civilians, peacekeepers and the Armed Forces of the Central African Republic. In addition, violent clashes between rival armed groups and within armed groups, as well as numerous isolated incidents, undermined the protection of civilians. These incidents, which were concentrated in the eastern and central parts of the country, in the prefectures of Haute-Kotto, BasseKotto and Ouaka, resulted in the forced displacement of thousands of civilians in many locations, which exacerbated the challenges related to the humanitarian situation. III. Human rights situation A. General situation 33. Over the period from July 2019 to June 2020, the Armed Forces of the Central African Republic and armed groups were guilty of multiple human rights violations and abuses. The Independent Expert was informed of 880 incidents of abuse and violations of human rights and international humanitarian law involving 1,522 victims (895 men, 240 women, 83 boys, 101 girls, 107 unidentified victims and 96 groups of collective victims), which were documented by the Human Rights Division of MINUSCA. The Division also documented 191 cases of conflict-related killings over the same period. 34. The different human rights abuses and violations documented during the reporting period include killings, death threats, conflict-related sexual violence such as rape, cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment, arbitrary deprivation of liberty, confiscation of property, destruction and looting of property, abductions, attacks against humanitarian personnel, hospitals and peacekeepers, denial of humanitarian assistance and the recruitment of children into armed groups. During this period, the prefectures most affected by human rights abuses and violations were those of Ouaka, Haute-Kotto, Bamingui-Bangoran, Ouham-Pendé and Ouham. 35. In its concluding observations on the third periodic report of the Central African Republic (CCPR/C/CAF/CO/3, paras. 7, 9, 13 and 27), 7 the Human Rights Committee expressed concern about, inter alia, corruption in the judiciary, the National Commission on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, impunity and sexual violence, concerns which had also been raised in connection with the Central African Republic during the third cycle of the universal periodic review (see A/HRC/40/12 and A/HRC/40/12/Corr.1). 7 GE.20-10998 The Human Rights Committee invites the Central African Republic to implement the recommendations related to the National Commission on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and impunity, referred to in paragraph 40, by 20 March 2022. 7