A/HRC/31/57 by civil society monitors; and ensure the inclusion of women and lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender persons and other minority representation on monitoring bodies; (z) Undertake specific training and capacity-building programmes designed to sensitize law enforcement authorities and detention facility staff to the specific circumstances and unique needs of female and lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender prisoners and standards such as the Bangkok Rules. 71. With regard to trafficking, the Special Rapporteur calls upon States to ensure that appropriate frameworks are in place for the identification, investigation and prosecution of trafficking-related human rights violations; duly investigate, prosecute and punish public officials for their role in trafficking operations; establish a combination of comprehensive gender- and age-sensitive measures to protect, support and rehabilitate victims; and avoid detention of victims for status-related offences and for “protective” purposes. 72. With regard to abuses in health-care settings, the Special Rapporteur calls upon States to: (a) Take concrete measures to establish legal and policy frameworks that effectively enable women and girls to assert their right to access reproductive health services; (b) Decriminalize abortion and ensure access to legal and safe abortions, at a minimum in cases of rape, incest and severe or fatal fetal impairment and where the life or physical or mental health of the mother is at risk; (c) Set forth clear guidance on implementing domestic abortion legislation and ensure that it is interpreted broadly; and monitor the practical implementation of legislation to ensure that persons are provided the right to legal services in practice; (d) Guarantee immediate and unconditional treatment of persons seeking emergency medical care, including as a result of illegal abortion; (e) Outlaw forced or coerced sterilization in all circumstances and provide special protection to individuals belonging to marginalized groups; and ensure that health-care providers obtain free, full and informed consent for such procedures and fully explain the risks, benefits and alternatives in a comprehensible format, without resorting to threats or inducements, in every case; (f) Effectively monitor and regulate practices by public and private actors in health-care and educational settings to ensure the eradication of prohibited practices including, inter alia, the denial of maternal health care and compulsory medical examinations such as forced pregnancy and virginity testing, and investigate, prosecute and punish perpetrators; (g) Undertake appropriate training sessions and community-level gendersensitization campaigns to combat discriminatory gender stereotypes underlying discrimination and abuses in the provision of health-care services to women, girls, and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons; (h) Adopt transparent and accessible legal gender recognition procedures and abolish requirements for sterilization and other harmful procedures as preconditions; (i) Repeal laws that allow intrusive and irreversible treatments of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons, including, inter alia, genitalnormalizing surgeries and “reparative” or “conversion” therapies, whenever they are 22