A/HRC/9/23 page 2 Summary The marked increase of the prices of food commodities on the international markets in the period 2006-2008 confronts States with a number of dilemmas, related for instance to whether the price increases should be combated or actions taken instead to ensure that those increases benefit agricultural producers and do not have a negative impact on the most vulnerable, or to the conditions under which agrofuels could be developed as an alternative to fossil fuels in the transport sector. In the present report, the Special Rapporteur on the right to food highlights the impact of the choices to be made on the right to food, placing them in the framework of States’ obligations domestically and internationally. He suggests why a human rights framework should be adopted in order both to identify the measures needed to respond to the new situation created by the surge in prices and to guide their implementation. Listing both the risks and the opportunities of the current situation, the Special Rapporteur explains why continued monitoring of initiatives adopted at the national and international levels to respond to the crisis is required.