A/HRC/38/48
guarantee agencies are offered classroom training on the Plan and environmental and social
specialists act as a helpdesk.22
33.
In addition to training trade officials, some States are providing tools for their
officials as well as for companies.
34.
The Belgian National Action Plan briefly mentions that diplomats do not always
have the necessary tools or knowledge of human rights and business in particular, to inform
and guide companies to ensure that their extraterritorial activities take account of their
impact on human rights. As a result, Belgian trade representatives will receive a toolbox to
better inform companies that seek to export. The toolbox will include elements on
grievance mechanisms enabling the Belgian diplomatic network to better inform businesses
and victims of possible business-related abuses about access to remedy in Belgium. The
United Kingdom has developed a government business and human rights toolkit, which
aims to give guidance to political, economic, commercial and development officers in
embassies as to how to promote responsible business conduct by British companies
operating overseas.23
35.
Some training for companies is done via partnerships between States. Sweden has
entered into memorandums of understanding with certain countries on corporate social
responsibility. For example, there are two memorandums between China and Sweden,
including an action plan establishing a centre for corporate social responsibility at the
Swedish Embassy in Beijing. Among other activities, the centre provides training for
companies. 24 Chile and Sweden signed a memorandum of understanding on corporate
social responsibility in 2012. India and China have a partnership agreement to promote
trade and investment, which includes a commitment to fostering stronger cooperation
between national chambers of commerce and encourages companies in both States to
include corporate social responsibility in their corporate development strategies.25
36.
China has also focused on providing sectoral guidance to its companies. The 2014
guidelines for social responsibility in outbound mining investment produced by the China
Chamber of Commerce of Metals, Minerals and Chemical Importers and Exporters call for
Chinese mining companies undertaking outbound mining investments, cooperation and
trade to strictly observe the Guiding Principles during the entire life-cycle of the mining
project and to strengthen responsibility throughout the extractive industries value chain.
37.
The increasing number of States that are including training and educational
resources on corporate social responsibility and on business and human rights for both trade
and embassy personnel and companies operating or trading abroad is a positive step.
Training and counselling help to raise awareness of key human rights issues in the private
sector. States need to consider how to move such training beyond theory into actual
practice. To that extent, training needs to include discussions of real-world dilemmas that
occur to enable trade officers to start thinking critically about the advisory role they play
with companies. At the same time, training and education is at most a partial step towards
States fulfilling their duty under Guiding Principle 4. Few States link providing trade
promotion services or benefits, such as participation in a trade mission, to requiring
businesses to demonstrate respect for human rights and use of the Guiding Principles.
III. Role of export credit agencies
38.
Export credit is a tool used by Governments to provide trade finance to the private
sector. Under an export credit regime, States provide loans and other types of risk cover
(for example, insurance) for a domestic exporter’s international buyers. Providing financing
22
23
24
25
8
National Action Plan. Implementation of the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights
2016–2020, available from https://globalnaps.org/country/germany/.
See OECD, “Responsible business conduct and economic diplomacy tools”.
See, for example, http://csr2.mofcom.gov.cn/article/media/201709/20170902652354.shtml.
See Five-Year Development Program for Economic and Trade Cooperation between the People’s
Republic of China and the Republic of India (September 2014).
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