A/HRC/28/56 52. The Virtual Global Taskforce is an alliance of law enforcement agencies, nongovernmental organizations and the private sector, which has developed a reporting button.45 That button is common to all its members, and Internet platforms are encouraged to include it. Upon the reception of a report, the location of the reported material is identified and the case is referred to the relevant partner to follow up with investigation. If the user of the material does come under the jurisdiction of a member of the Taskforce, the International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL) helps refer the information to the national authority concerned. (c) Image analysis 53. In recent years, considerable work has been undertaken on image analysis, in particular on analysing child pornography collections to identify victims or perpetrators. Law enforcement has stepped up efforts to engage in victim identification, as identification allows children to be rescued from abusive situations. Several national police forces developed image databases which amalgamated into a single international database operated by INTERPOL. Known as the International Child Sexual Exploitation image database, police in over 40 countries can access it and upload images to it. By crossreferencing, it can identify duplicates and provide comparable images. INTERPOL has also established the Victim Identification Laboratory, a mobile platform that allows images to be displayed at conferences to identify children or information that can lead to their identification. The success of victim identification is difficult to quantify. INTERPOL has identified in excess of 3,000 victims, which is believed to be a small fraction of the total number of victims. 54. Similar systems have also begun to be used for identification of offenders. Identification can include computer analysis to remove masking placed on the images used to hide an identity. 3. Investigation and prosecution of offenders 55. As noted above, much of the exploitative behaviour identified in the present report should be criminalized through adequate national legislation in order to combat impunity. While many countries have done so, it is also important that specialist police force units are created to investigate those offences and that they work closely with specialist agencies that are specifically trained to work with child victims of exploitation. Investigations of those offences involve dealing with particularly vulnerable children and therefore investigators need specialized training to deal with them in a child-sensitive manner. In addition, those investigations require highly technical techniques, such as forensic computer analysis, to gather the appropriate electronic evidence. Only by building up a framework of dedicated officers can those offences be properly tackled. INTERPOL and the Virtual Global Taskforce undertake specialist global training courses to ensure that national officers have the technical abilities to investigate those crimes and identify child victims.46 56. Countries must also take appropriate steps to tackle criminal behaviour that transcends borders thanks to the Internet. Article 4 of the Optional Protocol on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography requires States to consider adopting the principle of extraterritoriality to combat the sale and sexual exploitation of children. That is particularly important to combating criminal activities such as the trade in organs and child sex tourism, where the offender is likely to travel to another country for a relatively short 45 46 14 More information available from www.virtualglobaltaskforce.com/what-we-do/. INTERPOL, “Crimes against Children”. Available from www.interpol.int/Crime-areas/Crimesagainst-children/Crimes-against-children (accessed on 15 December 2014).