A/HRC/41/26 change on women, and for multi-stakeholder collaboration following extreme weather events. VI. Conclusions and recommendations 60. Climate change affects women, men, boys and girls in different ways. Entrenched and systemic discrimination can lead to gender-differentiated impacts of climate change with respect to health, food security, livelihoods and human mobility, among other things. Intersectional forms of discrimination can further increase the vulnerability of some women and girls to climate change, while the exclusion of women from climate action inhibits its effectiveness and further exacerbates climate harms. The meaningful, informed and effective participation of women with diverse backgrounds in relevant decision-making processes lies at the heart of a rights-based, gender-responsive approach to climate action. This inclusive approach is not only a legal, ethical and moral obligation; it will also make climate action more effective. 61. The adverse effects of climate change on the effective enjoyment of the rights of women require urgent, rights-based, gender-responsive climate action that will respect, protect and fulfil the rights of women and ensure their empowerment as agents of change. States should: • Take more ambitious climate change mitigation and adaptation action to limit the impacts of climate change on all persons, particularly women. • Be guided by the multi-dimensional and intersectional experience of women to incorporate a broad range of human rights and gender considerations in mitigating climate change and building climate resilience, such as: • Women’s rights to land, natural and financial resources, services, and income; • Climate-induced displacement and migration; • Sexual and gender-based violence; • A gendered focus on health and well-being, including sexual and reproductive health and rights; • Social protection systems. • Ensure the full, equal and meaningful participation of women with diverse backgrounds in climate change mitigation and adaptation at all levels. Potential mechanisms for promoting women’s participation can include: • Protection of all women environmental human rights defenders who exercise their rights, including the rights to participation and access to information and justice; • Quotas for including women on local climate change-related committees; • Women-only consultation meetings; • The provision of safe transportation and childcare for women attending meetings. • Take measures within relevant bodies and processes under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change to: • Ensure gender-responsive mitigation and adaptation; • Integrate human rights and gender equality into nationally determined contributions; • Implement, strengthen and renew the Gender Action Plan under the Lima Work Programme; • Ensure gender balance in the composition of bodies under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and its constituent agreements; 18