A/HRC/15/32 B. 1. Selected areas of focus Sustainable development 47. Sustainable development calls for holistic development through the integration of economic, social and environmental concerns, and is therefore naturally suited to the pursuit of just, equitable, human-centred development. The Rio Declaration on Environment and Development of 1982 places human beings at the centre of concerns for sustainable development. Since the calls for global partnerships in Rio, the increasing importance of the principle of international solidarity in connection with responses to sustainable development, environment and climate change, was seen in the World Summit on Sustainable Development and Johannesburg Plan of Implementation of 2002, which elaborated on the need for partnerships, including public-private partnerships, to address these issues collectively. Approaches to global partnership need to be underpinned by a recognition of the interdependent nature of the responsibilities of States in the context of climate change. Integral concepts of sustainable development, including the right to development, common but differentiated responsibilities, inter- and intra-generational equity and constituent principles, such as the precautionary principle, make sustainable development particularly relevant to solidarity. 2. Financing for Development 48. The key role played by the principle of international solidarity in the Financing for Development initiative, first highlighted in the Monterrey Consensus, was confirmed in the Doha Declaration of 2008, reiterating commitments to address such financing in the spirit of global partnership and solidarity. Within the broader Financing for Development framework, the search for innovative sources of development finance has a strong link to international solidarity. Such links were explicitly and implicitly recognized in the World Summit Outcome and the Declaration on innovative sources of financing, both of 2005, and the Paris Conference on Solidarity and Globalization of 2006. In his progress report on innovative sources of development finance (A/64/189), the Secretary-General described international solidarity as a basis for international cooperation in the context of financing for development, and highlighted existing and potential initiatives that could contribute to international and human solidarity, including solidarity levies and the Digital Solidarity Fund. 49. In 2008, in his opening remarks to the Doha Conference on Financing for Development (A/CONF.212/7), the Secretary-General made a plea for selflessness and solidarity and the building of bridges to include the entire international community rather than a select few. These bridges must stand on three pillars: cooperation, including in stimulus programmes following the crises, so that they address the needs of all, especially the poorest and most vulnerable; sustainability, including climate change; and inclusive governance, which requires a new multilateralism that recognizes the world of the twentyfirst century and the central role of emerging and developing economies. Coherence and coordination through the United Nations becomes a key factor in ensuring solidarity. C. 1. Emerging approaches in international cooperation Shared responsibilities 50. The above discussion makes it clear that there are shared responsibilities for development through States’ national obligations and the obligations of international cooperation. Sustainable development is today universally recognized as a goal of the global community and as a principle of international law. Economic globalization, while GE.10-14914 15