A/HRC/33/24 43. The often entrenched nature of health-care systems in many States makes holistic, cross-sectoral change difficult. Such change is further complicated where lines of accountability are sometimes unclear. In those contexts, where actors at the federal, state, and local levels, as well as private sector actors, all influence laws and policies around maternal health and are involved in service delivery, better coordination and sharing of information, as well as more stakeholder involvement, is needed. While many stakeholders play a role in applying a rights-based approach, the ultimate responsibility for ensuring that human rights are upheld remains with the central Government, which should ensure a conducive environment for all duty-bearers to meet their obligations and rights-holders to claim their rights. D. Advocacy and capacity-building 44. There remains a need to build awareness about maternal mortality and morbidity as an issue of fundamental human rights, not primarily as a biomedical problem. Contributions from certain stakeholders and discussions surrounding the implementation of the technical guidance reveal continuing resistance to recognizing that reducing preventable maternal mortality is a pressing human rights concern, just as important as traditional civil and political rights protections. More efforts are required to enhance understanding of the indivisibility of human rights. 45. There is also a need for further efforts to build capacity on the practical application of rights-based approach in different contexts and by different actors. The processes in which the technical guidance has been utilized have consistently pointed to the need for first building common understanding of what it means to apply a rights-based approach, which is fundamental for building partnerships for realizing rights. V. 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development 46. The 2030 Agenda, read together with the Secretary-General’s renewed Global Strategy, presents a solid foundation for the realization of human rights, especially sexual and reproductive health and rights. Building on that foundation will require careful attention to be given to translation of those global agendas to national implementation efforts. 47. The Sustainable Development Goals have been heralded as a transformative agenda and human rights-based approaches are a path towards that transformation – from charity to empowerment, from needs to rights. The process of identifying rights-holders and their entitlements and duty-bearers and their obligations requires inclusive deliberative processes at the local, national and international levels that interrogate who is denied or unable to claim their rights and why, who has power and why and how priorities are set and for whose benefit. That shift demands critical questioning of complex power structures that entrench discrimination and inequality, followed by efforts to dismantle those systems and build more just and equal societies. 48. As countries launch into the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals, the technical guidance is an invaluable instrument to guide efforts with a view to ensuring compliance with human rights obligations and delivering on the promise of a transformative agenda. 11