A/HRC/41/42 modalities for the establishment of femicide/gender-related killings watch (A/71/398); and a human rights-based approach to integrated services and protection measures on violence against women, with a focus on shelters and protection orders (A/HRC/35/30). In that report, the Special Rapporteur reviewed the human rights obligation of States to provide integrated services and protection measures on violence against women, including through the provision of shelters and protection orders. At present, within the United Nations system, there is no global database on the number and types of shelters in States, which represents a general lack of understanding of States’ human rights obligations, including the obligation to combat and prevent gender-based violence and to provide protection services, such as shelters and protection measures. 67. In order to enable sustainable follow-up activities and implement the recommendations outlined in the aforementioned reports, the Special Rapporteur has aimed to produce the reports in cooperation with relevant United Nations agencies. For example, the report on the issue of violence against women in politics (A/73/301) was developed in cooperation with UN-Women and OHCHR. The forthcoming report of the Special Rapporteur to the General Assembly will focus on mistreatment during childbirth and will be developed with the support of the World Health Organization. 68. Pursuant to Council resolution 32/19, the mandate now has the possibility to hold consultations or participate in the work of the Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. As such, since 2017, the Special Rapporteur has participated in the deliberations of the Commission, during which she has focused on the prevention of femicide as a tool for implementing General Assembly resolution 70/176 on gender-related killings of women and girls, and on violence against women and the criminal justice system. 69. In October 2015, when she addressed the General Assembly for the first time in her capacity as mandate holder, the Special Rapporteur pointed out that the landscape surrounding the mandate since its foundation had changed and that the mandate should reshape its role to focus on prevention, implementation challenges and stronger collaboration with all other relevant global and regional mechanisms. She also highlighted the significant implementation gap and indicated that, going forward, the main task was to close that gap and to accelerate the full incorporation and implementation of international, regional and national instruments. 70. The Special Rapporteur also called for improved synergies in the implementation of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action and the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, the Declaration on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women and Security Council resolution 1325 (2000), and to follow up on resolutions and/or regional instruments on violence against women, to achieve their full implementation and to accelerate the elimination of violence against women (A/HRC/32/42 and Corr.1). D. 1. Response by the mandate holder to the need to develop strategies for implementation Establishment of a femicide prevention watch and observatories 71. In response to the global phenomenon of femicide, the Special Rapporteur initiated a call for the establishment at the global, national and regional levels of a femicide prevention watch and observatories on gender-related killings and violence against women. In her annual report to the General Assembly in 2016 (A/71/398), the Special Rapporteur addressed the topic of femicide and outlined the modalities required for the establishment of such a preventative mechanism. 72. In calling upon all States to establish a femicide watch – or a “gender-related killing of women watch” – the Special Rapporteur proposed that data on the number of femicides be published annually, on 25 November, along with information concerning the prosecution and punishment of perpetrators. In the above-mentioned report, she proposed the collection of comparable data on: (a) intimate partner femicide; (b) family-related femicide based on 14