A/HRC/21/59 anniversary of the adoption of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action as well as the International Year for People of African Descent. 17. Pakistan, on behalf of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, noted that new trends in and manifestations of racism were a threat to peaceful societies around the world. The delegate stated that Muslims were stigmatized and vilified in public and in private in many societies. There were xenophobic attitudes, he said, requiring adequate protection measures, both legal and constitutional. 18. The Chairperson-Rapporteur called for a moment of silence in respect for the International Day of Reflection on the Genocide in Rwanda and in solidarity for all victims of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance and genocide. The participants of the Ad Hoc Committee duly observed a moment of silence. III. Discussion on the topic of “Xenophobia” 19. From 10 to 13 April, in accordance with its programme of work, the Ad Hoc Committee on the elaboration of complementary standards heard presentations from several experts on the topic of ―Xenophobia‖. At the 2nd meeting, on 10 April, Nozipho JanuaryBardill gave a presentation on the recent experiences of South Africa with xenophobia and its institutional responses. At the 3rd meeting, on 11 April, Patrick Thornberry, a member of the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, gave a presentation on ―Xenophobia – with particular reference to the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination‖. At its 4th meeting, on the same day, Orest Nowosad, Chief of the Civil and Political Rights Section of the Special Procedures Branch at the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, gave an overview of the work of special procedures mandate holders in relation to the issue of xenophobia. At the 5th meeting, on 12 April, Duncan Breen, Senior Associate at the NGO Human Rights First, gave a presentation entitled ―Combating xenophobic violence‖. Fanny Dufvenmark and Christine Aghazarm from the International Organization for Migration (IOM) gave presentations at the 6th meeting, on international migration issues, later that afternoon. On 13 April, Miguel Hilario-Manënima of UNICEF gave a presentation at the 7th meeting of the session entitled ―Going beyond window dressing: Xenophobia in Latin America: It‘s time to count the people of colour‖. 20. Due to the word limit for this report, the summaries of these presentations and the respective discussions with the meeting participants which followed them are reflected in annex II to the present report. 21. For the second part of the 7th meeting, the Chairperson-Rapporteur invited the participants to commence a general discussion on xenophobia by referring to what had been addressed or not addressed thus far that week. He noted that, with the exception of the last presenter, a victim-oriented approach seemed to be somewhat lacking from the discussions. 22. He commented on the need to perhaps focus on parliamentarians and political leaders; and specific other groups such as children, refugees and IDPs and other situations such as conflict and post-conflict situations; and the role of class and poverty. He queried about historical factors such as those which existed in South Africa, asking which factors influence what has been inherited and what was the basis of collective historical experience. 23. The delegate of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela reiterated the need for complementary standards to address manifestations of xenophobia and underlined the need to have a definition with a view to strengthening the fight against discrimination. It should be in keeping with the mandate of the Ad Hoc Committee, which should focus on the 5