A/HRC/40/CRP.1 The Commission has documented injuries consistent with the above described torture and cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment. This included scars, ear drum perforation and muscular-skeletal problems including bone fractures and joint damage indicative of incised or blunt object wounds, burns, marks or scars consistent with whipping, gunshot wounds, scars as a result of restraints used on legs, and keloids consistent with untreated skin wounds. Furthermore, many survivors exhibited psychological symptoms consistent with sustained torture and detention. 6. Deaths in Custody The Commission has documented numerous deaths of detainees while in securityrelated custody. Some were extra-judicially executed, while others died as a result of being detained in inhuman conditions and denied adequate medical care. The Commission has identified on the basis of multiple sources at least five named individuals who died while in NSS custody at the Blue House in 2016 and 2017; however, the overall number of deaths occurring in security-related custody is clearly significantly higher. The inadequate provision of food and water described above has led to deaths in custody at the Giada and Gorum SPLA military detention facilities, and at unofficial NSS locations in Juba. One witness described how in the Giada military detention facility, “After four days without food and water, four people in the custody cell died. They removed the bod[ies] and brought us food and water. It was only when someone was dying that they would bring us food and water.”433 The Commission was told that there were times at Giada during which prisoners would die every day. Gorum appears to be a particularly deadly place to be detained both because of its conditions in hot, unventilated, crowded containers. One witness told the Commission he saw at least 10 people die during the three months he was detained at Gorum, while another described how “In each container there were 20 prisoners. At the end of 5 months there were only 2 left from the first 20.”434 Another described: they took me to Gorum about 12-15 miles out of Juba town. This was worst. People are inside containers with a very small window. I was in a container with many people. I saw people dying in this container, their bodies are rotten, and you are alive in the same container. People dying, suffocating in the container and you are with their bodies.”435 A number of detainees have also died from illnesses as a result of being denied medical care, including in the NSS Blue House and Riverside facilities, SPLA detention facilities at Giada, Gorum, and the SPLA garrison prison in Raga. Some of these detainees had pre-existing conditions which were insufficiently treated while others developed conditions while in custody. One witness described a detainee who died who “had been vomiting blood […]. However, the NSS officers ignored [him] and denied him medication.”436 Detainees have also died as a result of torture inflicted on them at Giada and Gorum SPLA military detention facilities described above. Additionally, one detainee at the NSS Blue House reportedly died of kidney damage after he was beaten in detention. Furthermore, a number of detainees have been extra-judicially executed while in detention. A number of NSS detainees were killed for misconduct in detention. Further, another witness told of being among a group of five men who were lined up and shot at the NSS Blue House. He recounted: “I effectively died so I can’t tell you how long we were at the NSS Blue House before we were taken to an open field in a place called New Site on the left side of the road before you get to Bilpham Military Barracks. There, I was buried among other bodies in a mass grave. Even when I was being buried, however, I had no idea it was happening because I was unconscious.”437 Later that night, some civilians took the bodies to the mortuary at the Juba Teaching Hospital where it was discovered that the witness was still alive. The others, however, did not survive. 433 Witness 786, ERN 101492-101498. Witness 1117. 435 Witness 1070, ERN 102270-102274. 436 Witness 960, ERN 102089-102111. 437 Witness 993, ERN 102014-102053. 434 67