A/HRC/40/CRP.1 deriving 98 percent of its revenue from it. 180 Oil production continued at approximately 130,000 barrels per day, but this was expected to increase with the resumption of production in Unity State following the signing of the R-ARCSS.181 Nonetheless, much of this oil revenue will reportedly not benefit the citizens of South Sudan due to corruption; indeed, the anti-corruption organization Transparency International ranked South Sudan 178th out of 180 countries surveyed in 201.182 On 20 August 2018, Parliament passed the draft national budget for 2018/2019 of 81.59 billion South Sudanese Pounds (SSP), or approximately USD $526 million. 183 This budget is approximately 60 percent larger than the previous year’s but it remains unclear how it is going to be financed. 184 This highlights the challenge the government faces in meeting its financial commitments as civil servants throughout the country have continued to face salary arrears.185 Despite the signing of the peace agreement in the same period as the passage of the Budget, the budget itself notes that “expenditures are largely skewed toward defence at the expense of poverty reduction.” Indeed, almost 20 percent of the budget is still allocated to security expenditures as compared to just 9.4 percent to education and 2.2 percent to health (see figures 1 and 2 below).186 Figure 1: Annual Budget by sectors as approved Republic of South Sudan, Ministry of Finance and Planning, National Development Strategy July 2018 – June 2021, launched November 2018. 181 United Nations Security Council, Report of the Secretary-General on South Sudan (covering the period from 4 June to 1 September 2018), S/2018/831, 11 September 2018. 182 Transparency International, “Corruption Perceptions Index 2018”, February 2019, https://www.transparency.org/cpi2018 last accessed on 7 February 2019. 183 Republic of South Sudan, Ministry of Finance, 2018/19 Approved Budget Book, August 2018, http://grss-mof.org/docs/2018-19approved-budget-book/ last accessed on 22 November 2018; United Nations Security Council, Report of the Secretary-General on South Sudan (covering the period from 4 June to 1 September 2018), S/2018/831, 11 September 2018. 184 World Bank, “South Sudan Economic Update”, July 2018. 185 See for example: Radio Tamazuj, “Wau government pays employees’ July salaries”, 3 December 2018 186 Republic of South Sudan, Ministry of Finance and Planning, FY: 2018/2019 Approved Budget. The Security entry of the budget makes up 19.5 percent of the budget, but when the Police budget is added to that, it is accounts for 22 percent of the budget. Other main sectors in the Budget are Accountability (35%); Public Administration (18.9%) and the Rule of Law (5.7%); Economic Functions (3.5%); and Infrastructure (3.4 %). 180 30