A/HRC/37/77 Durban Declaration and Programme of Action. It also reaffirms the fundamental importance of accession to or ratification of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; (b) Notes with deep concern that manifestations of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance have been increasing all over the world and points out that efforts to combat their spread should be enhanced at international, regional, national and local levels; (c) Recognizes that victims of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance can suffer multiple, aggravated or intersecting forms of discrimination based on other related grounds, such as age, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, social origin, property, disability, birth or other status; (d) Recognizes that many contemporary forms of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance are related to the legacy of slavery and colonialism, and that the effects and persistence of those structures and practices continue to be among the factors contributing to lasting social, economic and political inequalities in many parts of the world today; (e) Expresses deep concern that indicators in the fields of education, employment, health, housing, imprisonment, participation in all aspects of society, infant mortality and life expectancy continue to show a situation of disadvantage for many groups worldwide, and recognizes that racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance is one of the contributing factors to those inequalities; (f) Expresses deep concern about the rise of extremist political parties, movements and groups that seek to normalize racism and discrimination, and invites Member States to develop targeted policies and measures to counter those parties, movements and groups. Recommendations 85. The Working Group recommends that Member States: (a) Fully and effectively implement their obligations arising under international law, particularly the non-discrimination clauses in the Charter of the United Nations; the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights; the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination. Those States that have not yet done so are urged to consider ratifying those two Covenants and the Convention; (b) Establish mechanisms, as appropriate, to follow up and implement recommendations on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, including those relating to people of African descent emanating from international mechanisms, such as the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination and other treaty bodies, special procedures mandate holders, the universal periodic review and relevant regional mechanisms; (c) Cooperate fully and respond positively to requests for country visits by the Working Group of Experts on People of African Descent and the Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, and other human rights mechanisms working on issues related to racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance; (d) Establish national legislative frameworks and national action plans against racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, in accordance with the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, if they have not already done so; (e) Establish or strengthen, as appropriate, and equip specialized bodies and mechanisms for the implementation of public policies to eradicate racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, and promote racial equality with 12