A/HRC/43/72 potentially discriminatory content in the main social networks and social media (articles, blogs and comments in forums). The observatory adopted an interdisciplinary strategy that combined the analysis, monitoring and protection of victims with study, research and the design of campaigns and initiatives aimed at raising awareness among Internet users of the fight against hatred, intolerance and violence online, including a specific focus on hate speech of religious origin. 45. Italy added that the National Anti-Discrimination Office promoted awarenessraising campaigns and communication in the media and supported educational projects and cultural initiatives. For example, on 10 December 2018 it had organized a public event to mark the seventieth anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, during which experts contributed to an in-depth study on the topic of racial and religious hatred and antisemitism. 46. The Syrian Arab Republic reported that the Ministry of Religious Property had been working with youth religious groups on initiatives, such as exchanges and dialogues, to promote religious freedom, freedom of expression and mutual respect for all religions. It had organized a university symposium on the role of young people in fighting discrimination and religious intolerance and countering extremism. Youth groups participated in local community meetings to discuss promoting tolerance and countering extremism. The Syrian Arab Republic reported that youth groups had also been working with the department of sharia education on educational curricula and initiatives for students on tolerance and moderation. The Ministry was also involved in education and training for imams and preachers to prevent radicalism and the spread of violence. 47. The Syrian Arab Republic also reported that the Ministry of Religious Property was active on social media in order to fight extremist channels. Moreover, it organized theatre performances, art competitions and television advertisements and programmes to disseminate positive values of tolerance and counter negative messages of extremism. In addition, the national media had broadcast a talk show and an interactive seminar about the risks of incitement to religious hatred in which academics, imams and others took part. 48. Tunisia reported that its government ministries and departments advocated a culture of moderation and tolerance in the country and forbade any calls for takhfir (incitement to racial, national and religious hatred or violence) by anyone. 49. Turkey reported that khutbahs (religious sermons delivered during Friday prayers), as well as other regular sermons, played a positive role in raising awareness among the Turkish public about preventing violence and discrimination based on religion or belief. In 2019, eight specific khutbahs on that issue had been prepared and delivered throughout Turkey. Sermons on preventing discrimination and violence were given on 12,269 occasions. Seminars and programmes on hate speech and preventing violence were also organized for students staying in State-funded dormitories. 50. Turkey stated that it had collaborated with other States to combat discrimination against persons based on religion or belief, noting the consideration of joint initiatives with other countries, including on concrete projects aimed at raising international awareness about Islamophobia. 51. The United Arab Emirates reported that the Ministry of Tolerance was implementing a specialized programme for schools, with the Ministry of Education, on celebrating tolerance in State schools. The programme included activities such as celebrations of important national occasions, joint clubs, sports competitions, volunteer programmes to support charitable institutions and the creative use of modern technologies to activate cultural exchanges. The “youth lifestyle tolerance initiative” was a joint national initiative aimed at consolidating the values of tolerance, coexistence and peace among young people, to enable them to contribute to building a bright future and to protect them from fanaticism and extremism. 9