A/HRC/23/44 express deep apprehension with regard to their safety, especially in the west. He underlines the need to fully set in place security sector reforms, and the disarmament, demobilization and reinsertion process. These should benefit from an inclusive consultation process, include a vetting mechanism which makes the human rights records of a soldier a condition to serving in the new army, and concrete measures to address the presence of non-State armed actors and other irregular forces in parts of the country, and particularly in the west. The Special Rapporteur condemns the 20 July 2012 attack on the Nahibly camp, in which at least eight persons were killed and 60 injured, as a violation of the protection afforded to IDPs according to the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement (Guiding Principles), international human rights and international humanitarian law. He regrets that to date no findings have been announced from the investigations undertaken into the incident and no arrests have been made, and urges the Government to pursue these measures as a matter of priority. He also calls on the international community to continue supporting humanitarian, development, peacebuilding and Government reforms in Côte d’Ivoire – reforms which should be grounded in a human rights-based approach and include the meaningful participation of displacement-affected communities. Sudan 16. From 14 to 22 November 2012, the Special Rapporteur undertook a country visit to Sudan at the Government’s invitation. He met with displacement-affected communities in north, west and south Darfur, and in Khartoum, but was unfortunately unable for security reasons to visit South Kordofan. He commends the Government and the international community for their efforts to address both the sources and consequences of internal displacement. He found that, while important challenges continue to exist in Sudan, there are also significant opportunities and progress made, which must be seized by all relevant actors so as to bring about sustainable peace and durable solutions. 17. In Darfur particularly, the signing of the 2011 Doha Document for Peace in Darfur, represents one such window of opportunity. The Special Rapporteur believes that, if implemented effectively and in an inclusive manner by all stakeholders, this agreement, which includes provisions on durable solutions for IDPs, security, power and wealthsharing, and reconciliation, can contribute to peace and stability in the region. He urges all efforts to be made towards this end, and momentum on its implementation to be increased. He notes that other factors are essential to effectively address the protracted internal displacement situation in Darfur. These include, inter alia: open, predictable and sustained humanitarian access to affected populations, which will enable an assessment of their humanitarian needs and longer term intentions; a comprehensive approach to durable solutions, which facilitates local integration, resettlement and voluntary returns; and concerted efforts to integrate IDPs (which in many cases have been urbanized) into urban planning, development, and livelihood projects. Other areas, emphasized by IDPs, are the need for improved security, access to services and livelihood opportunities, and access to their land in areas of return. Concerted efforts are needed to meet the protection and assistance needs of IDPs in Darfur, most of who have now lived in very dire circumstances for many years. 18. Regarding persons of South Sudanese origin, the Special Rapporteur is encouraged by the signing of the 4 Freedoms Agreement, which will facilitate the process of regularizing the stay of persons wishing to remain in Sudan. He urges all parties to take practical measures to implement it as soon as possible and exercise flexibility on administrative requirements that may be difficult for persons to meet. He also calls on the Governments of Sudan and South Sudan to facilitate the establishment of humanitarian corridors to enable safe and voluntary returns. Until a durable solution has been attained, however, it is essential that the human rights of persons of South Sudanese origin be protected. In this regard, he urges the Government of Sudan to promote a culture of respect 6