A/HRC/22/57 the Democratic People‟s Republic of Korea, which is in contravention to the right to freedom of movement.53 40. The United Nations has clearly identified arbitrary detention as a widespread, systematic and grave form of abuse occurring in the Democratic People‟s Republic of Korea. Political prison camps are said to have as many as 200,000 prisoners and citizens are routinely imprisoned for acts that should not be punishable by law, including for leaving their own country. Recommendations on arbitrary detention 41. The Special Rapporteur has consistently called on the Government to release political prisoners, particularly those imprisoned for guilt by association.54 42. The Special Rapporteur has called on the Democratic People‟s Republic of Korea to repeal provisions in its legislation that run counter to international standards, in particular within the Criminal Code.55 43. The Special Rapporteur has recommended that the Democratic People‟s Republic of Korea guarantee personal security and freedoms by, among others, reforming the justice system, and abiding by the rule of law with safeguards for accused persons, fair trials, the development of an independent judiciary and checks and balances against abuses of power.56 44. The General Assembly and the Human Rights Council have made repeated calls for the authorities of the Democratic People‟s Republic of Korea to stop subjecting returnees to the country to any kind of punishment, including detention. 57 D. Prison camps 45. Many United Nations entities have decried the use of prison camps in the Democratic People‟s Republic of Korea, ranging from the General Assembly and the Human Rights Council to the Secretary-General and the Special Rapporteur. 46. The General Assembly, in its resolutions adopted between 2006 and 2012 on the Democratic People‟s Republic of Korea highlighted, among several systemic, widespread and grave violations of human rights, “the existence of a large number of prison camps and the extensive use of forced labour,” expressing its serious concern. 58 47. The Commission on Human Rights and the Human Rights Council “expressed very serious concern” at the use of prison camps in their annual resolutions from 2003 to 2012.59 In 2009, the Human Rights Council deplored the grave, widespread and systematic human rights abuses in the country and in particular the use of torture and labour camps for “political prisoners and repatriated citizens of the Democratic People‟s Republic of Korea.”60 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 20 A/67/370 A/66/322, paras 62, 71 A/67/370, para 68 A/HRC/13/47, para 88 (b) (iv) A/RES/66/174; A/RES/65/225; A/RES/64/175; A/64/224, para 73(a) (ii); A/63/322, para 62(a) (ii); A/HRC/13/47, para. 88 (a) (iii) For example, A/RES/67/181; A/RES/66/174 E/CN.4/RES/2003/10 A/HRC/RES/10/16