A/HRC/7/8 page 21 71. The Special Rapporteur notes that, while several activities and programmes have been put in place in the countries that provided an answer to the questionnaire, as well as several others where international organizations and NGOs have taken positive initiatives, in general separate rehabilitation and assistance programmes for child victims of commercial sexual exploitation and trafficking are not set up and available. As such, these programmes are either available through other assistance programmes for children who are victims of domestic violence or with rehabilitation programmes for trafficked adult women victims of sexual exploitation. This lack of specific assistance and reintegration programmes and facilities for minors who are victims of commercial sexual exploitation and trafficking can be a cause of re-victimization and affect their vulnerability towards their exploiters and traffickers. 72. The Special Rapporteur calls on States to establish distinct facilities and programmes for these minors, because of the specific nature of their traumatic experience and crimes they have been victims of, but also because of their particular needs for a successful rehabilitation in their families if possible and into society. These rehabilitation facilities and programmes should not be the only assistance available, but part of a larger network of services, both public (through the State and local social services) and private (NGOs and civil society initiatives). Therefore, the Special Rapporteur calls for a more coordinated, comprehensive, and global approach, where the different State institutions as well as NGOs and the civil society have a role to play. Outreach on prevention and educative programmes should be essential components of this approach. VI. RECOMMENDATIONS 73. While noting that most States which responded to the questionnaire have put in place different programmes and facilities for children who are victims of commercial sexual exploitation and trafficking, the Special Rapporteur observes that these programmes and facilities often encompass either adult victims of commercial sexual exploitation and trafficking or child victims of domestic abuse and violence. While reiterating the importance of offering to these two diverse groups of victims appropriate rehabilitation and assistance programmes and facilities, the Special Rapporteur nevertheless is of the opinion that children who are victims of commercial sexual exploitation, because of the very nature of the harm done to them and the situation which they face after being rescued from the hands of their exploiters, are in need of special, separate programmes and facilities catering specifically to their needs. They should not be together with victims of domestic abuse and violence or with adults. The Special Rapporteur notes that in the absence of the programmes and facilities, children victims tend to be more vulnerable to exploitation by organized criminal groups. 74. Although the number of identified children victims of commercial sexual exploitation and trafficking may, in several countries, be limited, the Special Rapporteur calls upon States, together with reliable and credible NGOs and civil society actors, to set up specific rehabilitation and assistance programmes for children and minors who are victims of sexual commercial exploitation and trafficking. These programmes and facilities may take different forms and should be adapted to the local and cultural contexts, be it a closed shelter, rehabilitation activities given in the form of outpatient assistance or educational programmes, all depending on the situation and magnitude of such children victims. If there are no reported cases of minors who are victims of sexual commercial exploitation