A/HRC/42/44 change. 75 For example, investment in local communities may be effective where exploitation occurs in a defined location; but when it takes place along adaptive migration routes, prevention programming may need to be targeted in specific source communities or in destination communities. 76 Similarly, while lessons on the formalization of informal sectors may be transferable from one context to another, efforts may also require highly local solutions such as bespoke trade unions, for example the Hong Kong Domestic Workers’ General Union, or outreach by established trade unions to the informal sector, as the Pakistan Workers Federation has been undertaking. 77 And in some contexts they may require protection efforts along specific migration corridors, such as the efforts of the International Trade Union Confederation and the International Domestic Workers Federation in the Ukraine-Poland, Paraguay-Argentina, Zimbabwe-Lesotho-South Africa and Indonesia-Malaysia corridors.78 34. Second, there is a growing emphasis on multi-stakeholder partnerships based on the recognition that a holistic, multifaceted approach to slavery is needed. Alliance 8.7, which brings together actors at all levels to collaborate, strategize, share knowledge and accelerate progress to achieve target 8.7, is a promising example of this trend, covering initiatives in multiple aspects of the anti-slavery strategy. 79 Another promising initiative is the Bali Process Business Forum, which engages States and international organizations with the private sector to expand legal and legitimate opportunities for labour migration and to combat human trafficking and related exploitation, including by promoting and implementing humane, non-abusive labour practices throughout their supply chains.80 35. Some promising initiatives are focused on addressing the drivers of contemporary slavery through blended finance for development interventions. For example in the Philippines, the Government, the Global Fund to End Modern Slavery, the Villar Social Institute for Poverty Alleviation and Governance and private sector actors are collaborating on a programme to train the most vulnerable workers (especially women) in construction jobs and place them with local, ethical employers. The programme aims to meet industry needs for skilled workers, aligns with the Government’s “Build, Build, Build” infrastructure development objectives and provides alternatives to workers to travelling overseas for work, which places them at higher risk of slavery and exploitation.81 36. Third, there is a growing recognition that giving victims and survivors agency and voice through their active participation in programme and policy design and delivery strengthens those initiatives, has benefits for survivors and reinforces rights.82 Survivors are uniquely placed to articulate their experiences, needs and interests, and to identify what might prevent slavery.83 There is a growing effort not only to study survivors and survival and to engage survivor perspectives, but also to empower survivors as researchers, advocates and leaders of the anti-slavery movement.84 Important initiatives to strengthen survivor mobilization and coordination efforts exist, such as the United States Advisory Council on Human Trafficking, the National Survivor Network and the Survivor Alliance. 85 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 Delta 8.7 Symposium: Local Approaches to Modern Slavery (New York, 26 March 2019); and Alison Gardner, “An introduction to local approaches to tackling modern slavery”, contribution to the Delta 8.7 Symposium. Freedom Fund submission, Q5. Freedom Fund has developed a “hotspot approach” to incubate networks of service providers in target areas to support victims and address at-risk individuals. ILO, Ending Forced Labour by 2030, pp. 77 and 83. Ibid., p. 81. See www.alliance87.org/. See www.baliprocess.net/bali-process-government-and-business-forum/. Global Fund to End Modern Slavery submission, p. 6. National Survivor Network submission, p. 5; Walk Free submission, p. 5. Rights Lab submission, p. 7. See A. Nicholson, M. Dang and Z. Trodd, “A full freedom: contemporary survivors’ definitions of slavery”, Human Rights Law Review, vol. 18, No. 4 (December 2018), pp. 689–704. See www.state.gov/j/tip/c73433.htm and https://survivoralliance.org/. 11