A/HRC/13/65 page 8 and those behind these attacks did not hesitate to claim responsibility for their actions. This new strategy of Al-Shabaab is probably to replace local clan-affiliated leaders with foreign jihadists, which might deepen the split within the extremist Islamist movement. 18. Al-Shabaab is more focused on the training needs of its troops than the Transitional Federal Government. Its training camps for Somali youths are better organized. Government troops are not paid regularly and some of them even sleep under trees. There is a need for more troops simply to defend Mogadishu properly. To achieve even this, the proposed short-term goal of the Government to have 10,000 troops ready soon will be insufficient unless there is support from the major clans. 19. There is a need for more coordination among and within the United Nations agencies. Some feel that the commitment of the United Nations to the people of Somalia would be better demonstrated if its offices serving Somalia from Nairobi were to move to Somalia itself. A positive development in this regard is the recent assessment by the Department of Safety and Security of possible relocation of the United Nations to Mogadishu and identification of an area in the Somali capital where a secure United Nations compound could be built close to AMISOM. The United Nations agencies should move away from the so-called “Nairobi syndrome”, which means that United Nations operations for Somalia based in Nairobi are actually working on Somalia rather than in Somalia. 20. On the humanitarian and human rights front, the situation of women and children had become more precarious as they bear the brunt of the Somali conflict. Somalia has one of the highest maternal mortality rates (14–17 per cent) due to the disintegration of public medical institutions. Women’s literacy is around 12–14 per cent, while 80 per cent of young girls married early. Although the Somali Constitution of 1991 criminalized female genital mutilations, 97 per cent of young girls still face such mutilations. 21. There are no credible statistics on violence against women. Cases of gender-based violence recorded by women’s organizations, support programmes and others show that reports of rape are increasing in some areas, though this could be due in part to a greater willingness to report. As Somali women are more dynamic in the marketplace since they have to earn a living and support their family, they are exposed to vulnerable situations. Women are often victims of rape by warlords. 22. Any peace agreement in Somalia should give greater voice to women. No amnesty should be allowed for violence against women that qualifies as crimes against humanity, in line with Security Council resolutions 1325 and 1820. Women are often the victims in clan infighting. The time has come for women to be at the centre of the peace process. The Government should announce a clear policy for the protection of women and children. 23. The main concern regarding children is their recruitment by all parties to the conflict. There are, however, some positive developments. Despite insecurity in the south-central region, child health days organized by UNICEF reached, for the first time ever, children and women in the infamous Afgoye Corridor, considered to be world’s most densely populated IDP settlement, and six districts of Mogadishu. Some one million Somali children were vaccinated in 2009, which would not have been possible without the cooperation of all, including the opposition forces.