A/HRC/6/14 page 3 CONTENTS Paragraphs Introduction ................................................................................................... I. II. III. Page 1-3 4 METHODOLOGY AND ACTIVITIES OF THE SPECIAL RAPPORTEUR ................................................................ 4 - 13 4 UNDERLYING CAUSES OF THE EVENTS OF SEPTEMBER AND OCTOBER 2007 .............................................. 14 - 15 6 THE FACTS - CIRCUMSTANCES AND MAJOR INCIDENTS ...................................................................................... 16 - 28 7 A. The peaceful protests of August 2007 ..................................... 16 7 B. The Pakokku incident: a turning point .................................... 17 - 25 7 C. The peaceful protests of September 2007 (18-25 September 2007) .......................................................... 26 9 The excessive use of force against peaceful demonstrators (26-29 September 2007) .................................. 27 - 28 9 PRELIMINARY FINDINGS ............................................................ 29 - 62 10 Excessive use of force against civilians, including use of unnecessary and disproportionate lethal force ......................... 30 - 38 10 B. Use of non law enforcement officials ...................................... 39 - 40 12 C. Arbitrary arrest and detention .................................................. 41 - 52 13 D. Disappearances ........................................................................ 53 - 54 16 E. Death in custody ...................................................................... 55 17 F. Cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment and torture .............. 56 - 57 17 G. Severe reprisals against peaceful protesters ............................ 58 - 62 18 V. RESPONSIBILITY OF THE STATE AND ITS AGENTS ............. 63 - 68 19 VI. CONCLUSION ................................................................................. 69 - 75 20 VII. RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................. 76 22 D. IV. A. Annex: Chronology and facts ............................................................................................ 24