A/HRC/31/55 (e) Continuously adapt existing measures to protect defenders at risk, paying particular attention to the specific needs of those who are most at risk. 116. The Special Rapporteur recommends that financial donors: (a) Increase financial resources for protection initiatives focusing on the “holistic security” of defenders; (b) Ensure that funding for civil society and defenders is sensitive to their protection needs, including by ensuring that funding promotes long-term sustainability and is sufficiently flexible for operational needs, can be adapted in response to changes in the environment, is disbursed in a timely manner and not burdensome to administer. 117. The Special Rapporteur recommends that national human rights institutions: (a) Develop plans of action to protect defenders, establish focal points to coordinate their implementation and interact with defenders on a regular basis; (b) Monitor and investigate complaints received from defenders on the violations of their rights. 118. The Special Rapporteur recommends that the United Nations: (a) Formulate and implement strategies and plans of actions\ to strengthen the protection of defenders and to prevent violations against them, including in the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals and in the context of the Human Rights Up Front initiative; (b) Develop strategies of risk assessment and management in activities involving civil society and defenders, including by monitoring and responding to cases of reprisal for cooperation with the United Nations at all levels, in particular its human rights mechanisms. 23