A/HRC/8/52 page 141 Papua and Poso. It indicated that the role of the Attorney General’s Office in ensuring impunity remains a key obstacle in the country and regretted that the universal periodic review failed to identify the problem and make recommendations in this regard. 371. In a joint statement, the World Organization against Torture and Human Rights First noted that the report of the Working Group focuses on plans and institutions, but does not fully address their impact. Questions, responses and recommendations failed to note that the effectiveness of the National Human Rights Commission has been severely limited in recent years, due in part to an impasse with the military and Parliament. The organization further recommended that Indonesia take concrete measures to end impunity, such as legislative and executive measures to resolve the impasse at the National Human Rights Commission; to assign individual responsibility for crimes against humanity in Timor-Leste; to reform the Human Rights Court system to ensure prosecution of serious past and present human rights violations; and to revise the criminal code to include a clear definition of torture and appropriate penalties. 372. Amnesty International welcomed the call made to the Government during the review to support and protect human rights defenders in Indonesia. It noted that human rights defenders in the province of Papua operate in a climate of fear and that their activities are restricted by a heavy presence of security personnel. It called on the Government to guarantee the rights to freedom of expression and assembly in Papua and Maluku provinces, and to ensure that the police and the military are aware of the legitimate role of human rights defenders and their responsibility to protect them. Amnesty International welcomed Indonesia’s commitment reaffirmed during the review to combat impunity, however it noted that despite the creation in 2000 of a human rights court to deal with gross human rights violations, the Government has failed to bring to justice those responsible for such violations. 373. On behalf of the Asian Forum for Human Rights and Developments (Forum-Asia) and the Indonesian NGO coalition that submitted reports and contributed to the universal periodic review process, Forum-Asia expressed their appreciation to all members and observers of the Working Group that raised critical comments reflecting the most pressing human rights issues in Indonesia. On combating extreme poverty, Forum-Asia noted that the number of Indonesians living in extreme poverty has increased significantly in the last few years despite the implementation of recent policies. On the protection of minorities, Forum-Asia indicated that the Coordinating Body to Monitor Beliefs within Society has become a serious threat to the protection of religious minority rights including Ahmadiyah, as it has been accompanied by a wave of violent acts by religious extremist groups who have increased attacks against religious minorities and supporters of religious pluralism over the last eight months. Forum-Asia further noted that it deeply regretted the recent decision of the Indonesian Government to partially ban Ahmadiyah activities, as this might become the justification for the religious extremist group to attack the Ahmadiyah followers and pro-pluralism group. Finally Forum-Asia encouraged the Council and its members to closely monitor the progress made in implementing the recommendations, and to develop a concrete and measurable follow-up mechanism to the review process.