A/HRC/22/59 Annex XV [English only] Glossary of weapons used Glossary of weapons used in Syria Aerial projectiles Syrian Air Forces (SAF) fighter jets and helicopters were used extensively in bombing the anti-Government armed groups and the areas under their influence. Different categories of aerial projectiles were fired or dropped including the RBK250-275 cluster bomb, OFAB 250-270 fragmentation high explosive bomb, FAB-500 high explosive bombs, S5 explosive rockets and DIY “Barrel Bombs” which consist of storage tanks or sheet-metal cylinders packed with varied quantities of explosives and metal scrap. Anti-aircraft MANPADs Man-portable air-defence systems (MANPADs) are shoulder-launched surface-to-air missiles. They are typically guided weapons mainly used against low-flying aircraft, especially helicopters. Reports indicated that certain armed groups used MANPADs including Strela-2 (SA-7) and Igla-1 (SA-16) in shooting down SAF aircrafts. Anti-tank weapons Different categories of anti-tank weapons have been used in the Syrian conflict by both sides including man-portable weapons (RPG7), guns (B10), missiles (AT-3 Sagger), AT mines and IEDs. Artillery and mortars The army has deployed its artillery and mortars across Syria and participated in the extensive and continuous shelling of cities, villages and rural areas. Statements indicated that the guns most often used by those units are the BM-21 Grad, 2S1 Gvozdika, Type 63 multiple rocket launcher and mortars of different calibres (120mm and 240mm). Statements also indicated that some armed groups possess mortars. Assault rifles The most common weapons used by Government forces and the armed opposition were assault rifles, including the AK-47, FN-FAL and the NORINCO. Cluster munition A cluster munition is a form of air-dropped or ground-launched explosive weapon that releases or ejects smaller anti-tank and/or anti-personnel sub-munitions. Cluster munitions pose an immediate threat by randomly scattering thousands of sub-munitions or “bomblets”. The danger posed by these sub-munitions may extend well after the conflict, as hundreds may fail to explode upon impact. The commission documented the Government forces’ increasing use of this type of ammunition by aerial bombs and more recently by artillery rockets. GE.13-10627 129