A/HRC/36/49
State sovereignty are also part of customary international law, which is binding on all
States.
C.
Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action
11.
As mentioned (see para. 6 above), the World Conference on Human Rights
reaffirmed the right to development in the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It
also reaffirmed that least developed countries committed to the process of democratization
and economic reforms, many of which were in Africa, should be supported by the
international community in order to succeed in their transition to democracy and economic
development.2 The World Conference further stated that the right to development should be
fulfilled so as to meet equitably the developmental and environmental needs of present and
future generations.3
12.
With regard to implementation of the right to development, in the Vienna
Declaration the World Conference on Human Rights stated the need for: the formulation of
effective national development policies and equitable international economic relations
(para. 10); effective international cooperation (paras. 10 and 13); and international support
for countries committed to the process of democratization and economic reforms (para. 9).
The World Conference also emphasized the importance of removing obstacles to
development, inter alia, human rights violations, racism, colonialism and foreign
occupation; of promoting peace and security; and of increasing the resources devoted to
development.
D.
2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, including the 17 Sustainable
Development Goals
13.
The 2030 Agenda is explicitly grounded in the Charter of the United Nations, the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights and international human rights treaties. 4
Importantly, the Agenda is to be implemented in a manner that is consistent with the rights
and obligations of States under international law. 5 The key principles of the Declaration on
the Right to Development are reaffirmed throughout the Agenda, which recognizes the need
to build peaceful, just and inclusive societies that provide equal access to justice and that
are based on respect for human rights (including the right to development), on effective rule
of law and good governance at all levels and on transparent, effective and accountable
institutions.6
14.
In “Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development”, a
major contemporary policy document, a tangible link is made between the right to
development and sustainability. The right to development can and should be used as a
guiding concept when measuring progress in the implementation of the new policy
framework for sustainable development. The Sustainable Development Goals provide an
opportunity to galvanize global and local action and resources to implement universal goals
and targets that could contribute substantially to the promotion and implementation of the
right to development.
E.
Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030
15.
In one of the guiding principles for the implementation of the Sendai Framework for
Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 (para. 19 (c) of the Framework), it is stated that
managing the risk of disasters is aimed at protecting persons and their property, health,
2
3
4
5
6
4
Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action, part I, para. 9.
Ibid., para. 11.
General Assembly resolution 70/1, para. 10.
Ibid., para. 18.
Ibid., para. 35.
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