A/HRC/43/44/Add.2 the resources available to it, to achieve the progressive realization of that right. Articles 11, 15, 19 (2), 21 (2), and 81 (1) also provide for the right to food in special circumstances. 30. The Constitution also brought about the establishment of the Constitutional Court and requires the Government to ensure that all international conventions, treaties and agreements to which Zimbabwe is a party are incorporated into domestic law. In that regard, a domestication strategy was adopted to accelerate the ratification of international instruments and incorporate them into domestic law. 31. The Special Rapporteur also welcomes the institutionalization of the promotion of human rights through the establishment of the Zimbabwe Human Rights Commission by the Government, and wishes to emphasize the need to ensure that the Commission is adequately funded so as to ensure that it is able to discharge its constitutional obligations without any hindrance. 2. Institutional framework (a) Policies 32. Zimbabwe has adopted a number of excellent human rights-based policies to implement the right to food, with effective benchmarks and implementation plans that give due consideration to gender issues and to the most vulnerable segments of society, including smallholder farmers. Among these policies are the National Nutrition Strategy, the Zimbabwe Agenda for Sustainable Socio-Economic Transformation (Zim Asset), the Zimbabwe Agriculture Investment Plan, the Comprehensive Agricultural Policy Framework, the National Policy on Drought Management and the Food Deficit Mitigation Programme. 33. All of these policies establish authorities and agencies responsible for implementation and provide for proper supervision and accountability mechanisms to promote the full and active participation of all interested parties, including those most vulnerable. 34. The Special Rapporteur wishes to particularly praise the work undertaken by the Food and Nutrition Council to anchor the country’s food and nutrition polices in human rights standards and urges the Government of Zimbabwe to provide the Food and Nutrition Council with sufficient funding to carry out its crucial mandate. (b) Programmes supporting the agriculture sector 35. Agricultural support has greatly expanded in recent years to an estimated direct fiscal cost of 4.2 per cent of GDP in 2018, up from less than 1 per cent in 2013. 8 36. In recent years, the production of maize was subjected to subsidies to maintain food security. According to the International Monetary Fund, a grain subsidization programme for the purchase and sale of maize was a fundamental driver of the 2018 fiscal deficit, costing nearly RTGS$1.1 billion.9 The losses on operations stemmed from the difference between the guaranteed purchase price for maize, versus a prevailing regional market price, and the subsidized selling price. While maize represents the bulk of the agricultural price subsidy costs, similar price guarantee schemes have been put in place for other crops, including wheat, with similar loss-making price differentials. 37. Several input subsidy schemes have been implemented to assist farmers by providing them with free or heavily subsidized inputs (mainly seeds and fertilizers). The Presidential Agricultural Input Support Scheme and the Command Agriculture programme are the central programmes of the Government’s agricultural input system. Presidential Agricultural Input Support Scheme 38. In 2011, the Presidential Agricultural Input Support Scheme was introduced to guarantee household food security, providing maize seed and fertilizer and targeting 8 9 International Monetary Fund, “Zimbabwe: staff-monitored program—press release and staff report”, IMF Country Report No. 19/144 (Washington, D.C., International Monetary Fund, 2019), p. 13. Ibid. 7