A/HRC/37/51 Report of the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders Contents Page I. Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 3 II Methodology ................................................................................................................................. 4 III. Definition and normative framework ............................................................................................ 4 A. Definition of people on the move ......................................................................................... 4 B. Human rights defenders of people on the move ................................................................... 5 Background and hostile environment ............................................................................................ 7 A. Background ........................................................................................................................... 7 B. Hostile environment ............................................................................................................. 7 Root causes of violations............................................................................................................... 8 A. Commodification of migrants ............................................................................................... 8 B. Securitization of migration .................................................................................................. 9 C. Citizenship ........................................................................................................................... 9 People on the move as human rights defenders ............................................................................. 10 A. Displacement due to violations of the rights of defenders .................................................... 10 B. Continuing human rights activities after displacement ........................................................ 11 Defending the rights of people on the move ................................................................................. 13 A. Lack of access to people on the move .................................................................................. 13 B. Criminalization and stigmatization of defenders of people on the move .............................. 14 C. Involvement of non-State actors .......................................................................................... 15 Creating an enabling environment for defending the rights of people on the move ...................... 16 A. Conclusions .......................................................................................................................... 16 B. Recommandations................................................................................................................. 16 IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. 2