A/HRC/18/21 Contents Paragraphs Page I. Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1–3 4 II. Modalities of work .................................................................................................... 4–7 4 III. Background................................................................................................................ 8–29 4 A. Political context and recent developments on the ground ............................... 8–21 4 B. Military and security forces involved in attacks .............................................. 22–27 7 C. International legal framework .......................................................................... 28–29 8 Current human rights situation.................................................................................. 30–71 8 A. Extrajudicial killings and excessive use of force............................................. 32–38 9 B. Arbitrary arrests and detention ......................................................................... 39–42 10 C. Torture and other forms of ill-treatment .......................................................... 43–44 10 D. Right to an effective remedy and accountability ............................................. 45–47 11 E. Freedom of expression and opinion ................................................................. 48–51 11 F. Freedom of movement...................................................................................... 52–53 12 G. Right to an adequate standard of living............................................................ 54–56 12 H. Right to health................................................................................................... 57–59 13 I. Right to education............................................................................................. 60 13 J. Other issues of particular concern .................................................................... 61–71 14 Conclusions and recommendations........................................................................... 72–90 15 IV. V. 3