A/HRC/33/27 reoccupied ancestral lands after long periods of waiting for demarcation processes to be completed. The Special Rapporteur will present a more in-depth assessment of her country visits at the thirty-third session of the Human Rights Council, in September 2016. 54. The Special Rapporteur has responded on an ongoing basis to specific cases of alleged human rights violations. During the year under review, the Special Rapporteur took action on some 54 cases, including in Australia, Belize, Brazil, Brunei, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Finland, Guatemala, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kenya, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Peru, the Philippines, Singapore, the United Republic of Tanzania, the United States and Viet Nam. 55. The negotiation by the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean of a regional instrument on the right to access to information, participation and justice in environmental matters (October 2015) triggered a joint statement by several special procedure mandate holders. The Special Rapporteur also co-signed a letter written with special procedure mandate holders and experts from the inter-American human rights system urging the Government of Canada to fully address the root causes of extreme violence and discrimination against indigenous women and girls (February 2016). She also co-signed a number of letters with other special procedure mandate holders, including one welcoming the verdicts for crimes against humanity issued by a Guatemalan court against two former military officials and one calling on the United States to increase its efforts to address environmental threats to human rights, in particular the lead-contaminated water in Flint, Michigan, which had dramatic consequences on the health of the most vulnerable children (March 2016). 56. In relation to thematic studies, the Special Rapporteur submitted her second report to the Human Rights Council in September 2015, her intention being to continue to focus on issues related to the economic, social, cultural and environmental rights of indigenous peoples. Her second report to the Council (A/HRC/30/41) was exclusively devoted to human rights violations relating to indigenous women and girls. In her second report to the General Assembly (A/70/301), she dedicated the thematic section to an analysis of how international investment agreements and investment clauses in free trade regimes affect the rights of indigenous peoples. In the report, the Special Rapporteur addressed a number of areas of concern, related both to direct violations of the rights of indigenous peoples and to the systemic impact of free trade regimes on the lives and communities of indigenous peoples. D. Treaty bodies 57. During the reporting period, indigenous peoples’ rights were mentioned in the recommendations and concluding observations of several treaty bodies. 58. The Human Rights Committee addressed recommendations on issues affecting indigenous peoples to Costa Rica, Namibia, New Zealand, Rwanda, South Africa and Sweden (116th session); Suriname (115th session); and Canada, France and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) (114th session). In its concluding observations, the Committee touched on issues such as discrimination, the rights to self-determination and recognition, the lack of disaggregated data, the loss of languages and culture, and birth registration. Other observations focused on the elevated rates of violence against indigenous women, the gender wage gap, the underrepresentation of indigenous women in decision-making positions and employment opportunities for indigenous women. The Committee also made recommendations related to legal protections and access to remedies, the high incarceration rate, law enforcement and the administration of justice, and the recognition of traditional governance structures. The situation of indigenous peoples’ land rights, in particular in respect of resource extraction, land restitution policies and obtaining the free, prior and 11