A/HRC/30/25 3. Violence against indigenous peoples 50. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, exclusion from public life, discrimination and extreme marginalization have not only led to adverse health outcomes, but also increased tensions between communities. From 16 to 19 September 2014, a joint human rights office investigation mission to Kabalo, Katanga province, learned about serious allegations of human rights violations, including killings and inhumane, cruel and degrading treatment, as well as abductions and lootings. These violations were allegedly committed by Bantu militia and Buzolezole-Luba militia and targeted mostly Batwa Pygmies. 51. The United Nations Joint Human Rights Office investigated another recent largescale attack on the internally displaced persons site in Nyunzu on 30 May 2015, allegedly perpetrated by Bantu-Luba militia called Eléments Katangais, which resulted in numerous human rights violations, namely, 44 killings, 8 rapes and 57 cases of abduction. The victims were mainly of Batwa Pygmy ethnicity. 52. The United Nations Joint Human Rights Office also monitored the arrest of a Batwa Pygmy non-governmental organization activist who had been accused of incitement to hatred. The trial at the Tribunal of Grand Instance led to his release. In another emblematic case, on 19 May 2015, the United Nations Joint Human Rights Office and the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo placed under protection and later relocated a Batwa activist from Nyunzu to a safe place. Allegedly, elements of the Luba militia had threatened him for opposing the Luba leadership, burned his house and forced his family into hiding. 53. In the Plurinational State of Bolivia, the office expressed concern about the lack of police protection for Yampara and Qhara Qhara indigenous leaders during a vigil in June 2014, when they were subjected to physical violence and discriminatory language and behaviour. Symbols of indigenous authorities were also destroyed by peasants from the area. Acts of violence between a group of leaders belonging to the National Council of Ayllus and Markas of Qullasuyu were also highlighted. 54. The office in Colombia continued field monitoring activities in the Amazon, Cauca, Chocó, Nariño, Caribbean Coast and Putumayo, where armed actors had committed abuses, including killings of leaders. Situations where legal and illegal mining had led to violence also were of concern, for example, in La Toma, where abuses had been committed against representatives of a women’s organization, including sexual violence, by illegal miners in their territory. The organization has asked OHCHR for accompaniment as they are threatened and in need of protection. 55. The office in Guatemala held a dialogue with indigenous authorities of Totonicapán, Sololá, Chichicastenango, Nebaj and Quiché to assess the situation of the rights of indigenous peoples. As a follow-up to the dialogue, the office undertook observation missions to identify best practices for the prevention of violence in indigenous communities. The office in Guatemala also maintained regular meetings with the conflict analysis unit of the national human rights institution in order to exchange information on a set of six priority conflicts and to build a common strategy, including on a process to remedy the human rights violations that had occurred in the 1980s due to the construction of the Chixoy Dam, and on the current conflict in the municipality of San Juan Sacatepequez due to the construction of a concrete factory of the company Cementos Progreso. The office in Guatemala and the national human rights institution were designated as “honour witnesses” in the dialogue established by the State authorities to address both conflicts. 10