A/HRC/30/30
6.
The economy was only slightly dampened by the turbulence, particularly in the
garment sector, recording a strong overall 7 per cent annual growth rate in 2014 and
projected to grow by 7.3 per cent in 2015. According to the new official poverty threshold
introduced by the Government in 2013 (based on the cost of purchasing food equivalent to
2,200 kcal), the poverty rate fell from 47.8 per cent in 2007 to 18.9 per cent in 2012.
Cambodia is on track to meet the Millennium Development Goal of halving poverty by the
end of 20152 and is likely to graduate to lower middle-income country status by 2020. This
achievement is precarious. The overall poverty rate encompasses sharp regional differences;
some 90 per cent of the poor live in rural areas, and the margin by which most have
graduated from poverty is slight. According to the World Bank Economic Update 2015,
almost 3 million people are poor and more than 8.1 million are near poor.
7.
The National Strategic Development Plan for the period 2014-2018, the
implementation of which was estimated to cost $26.58 billion, was adopted in June 2014.
Together with the governmental Rectangular Strategy phase III, they constitute the policy
framework for national development in the mid-term future, which includes commitments
to improve the governance framework for development.
8.
Some public administration reforms have advanced, particularly the public finance
management reform, which allowed for civil servants in a number of ministries to be paid
by direct bank transfer rather than in cash. When expanded to all civil servants, the change
will mark a significant advance in the fight against corruption by reducing the number of
“ghost” workers. Corruption in all its forms remains widespread, however; according to one
study,3 Cambodians perceive the judiciary as the most corrupt State institution.
9.
The lack of independence in the judiciary remains an obstacle to the protection of
human rights. The Government has been pursuing reforms in court administration, which
OHCHR is working to reinforce, in cooperation with the Government, by providing
members of the legal profession with several concrete tools, designed in particular to assist
judges in taking decisions on pretrial detention, improving case management by courts and
assisting judges in their adjudication of criminal cases. One significant achievement has
been the further reduction in cases awaiting appeal for an excessively lengthy period of
time.
10.
OHCHR continued to build the capacity of national counterparts. It reached out to
local authorities about the Peaceful Demonstration Law and the use of force; with prison
officials on the rights-based approach to prison management; and with government and
private sector actors on business and human rights. Significant progress was made toward
systematizing human rights training for law professionals in compulsory general training
programmes for lawyers, judges and prosecutors, and in specialized training on the new
pretrial detention form and a case management database, expanded to five courts by
OHCHR. In addition, OHCHR considerably extended its outreach to the general public by
means of a strengthened communications strategy, based on new tools such as a dynamic
website and social media, as well as traditional publications, posters, print media and a
radio programme. The OHCHR programme in Cambodia is informed by the conclusions
and recommendations of United Nations treaty bodies, in particular those made by the
Human Rights Committee in March 2015 on the State’s implementation of the International
Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (see CCPR/C/KHM/CO/2) at the universal periodic
2
3
Asian Development Bank, Cambodia: Country Poverty Analysis 2014.Error! Hyperlink reference
not valid.
Transparency International Cambodia, “Corruption and Cambodia’s Governance System: The Need
for Reform”,National Integrity System Assessment 2014.
3
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