A/HRC/30/24 cultures, religions and the background and root causes of migration, with the aim of promoting tolerance and understanding for all. In Slovenia, police officers are trained in the management of stereotypes in a multi-ethnic society, which includes learning about the culture and history of Roma, encouraging awareness and increasing acceptance of diversity, as well as seeking appropriate and consistent ways for police to work with people from different backgrounds and in Portugal, police officers are being trained to act as mediators in Roma communities. In-service training could involve other specialized expert institutions and/or NGOs; the Equal Opportunities Ombudsman Office in Lithuania was mentioned in this respect. 35. Guinea reported that its police and gendarmerie schools had also incorporated international humanitarian law in their training and had recently introduced a module on child rights. A specialized police service created in Chile, in 2013, to strengthen relations with indigenous communities is provided training on the rights of indigenous peoples, their language and cultural identity. The Royal Gendarmerie of Morocco has been specially trained on human rights in the fight against terrorism and against drugs, while regular inservice training is provided for gendarmerie staff in Turkey, with on-site training for the provincial gendarmerie commands, in which equality and combating violence against women are among the topics regularly addressed. Human rights and gender equality are included in the training courses on combating trafficking in persons, drug trafficking and other issues offered by the International Training Centre in Belarus. Combating trafficking in human beings is also addressed in training courses for police officers in Kuwait and the United Arab Emirates, while in Ghana, special focus has been placed on sensitization of the police to issues of domestic violence. 36. Although human rights training is recommended for customs officers in Italy, such training is only mandatory for those going on foreign assignments. In Japan, human rights training is compulsory for newly recruited immigration officers and ongoing throughout their service. Several European countries reported on human rights training conducted for border police (for example, Romania, Slovenia and Switzerland). The Directorate-General for National Security of Morocco has given lectures in the Royal Police Institute on refugee rights, in cooperation with the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). 37. Within the European Union, Greece and Italy reported on the European Union Frontex programme, which provides compulsory human rights training to border guards participating in joint European operations. The Hellenic Coast Guard of Greece, under the Ministry of Shipping, has incorporated human rights in its training curriculum, as provided for in the Frontex programme, to assist its guards in the treatment of victims of trafficking, identification of asylum seekers, protection of minors and groups in situations of vulnerability and practical application of the principle of non-refoulement. Training is carried out by the Coast Guard and national police specially trained in human rights by Frontex, using a manual developed with the support of the European Union. Continuous training is made possible by UNHCR and the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), and updated training is offered in particular to staff of pre-departure centres. 38. Human rights training is also a formal requirement in a number of countries for prison staff, especially in-service training (for example, in Chile and France) and for officials in particular (for example, in Estonia). Training is delivered in accordance with level of experience and focuses on the rights of detainees, including international and domestic standards on the use of force, prevention of torture and treatment of prisoners (Japan, Morocco, Switzerland and Turkey). In 2014, the National Prison Institute of Honduras began including human rights and gender in the basic training course for prison officer candidates. In Estonia, the Prisons Department of the Ministry of Justice carries out evaluation and impact assessments with regard to institutionalized human rights training. In 11