A/HRC/45/45 United Nations General Assembly Distr.: General 9 July 2020 English Original: Spanish Human Rights Council Forty-fifth session 14 September–2 October 2020 Agenda item 3 Promotion and protection of all human rights, civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights, including the right to development Memorialization processes in the context of serious violations of human rights and international humanitarian law: the fifth pillar of transitional justice Report of the Special Rapporteur on the promotion of truth, justice, reparation and guarantees of non-recurrence Summary The Special Rapporteur on the promotion of truth, justice, reparation and guarantees of non-recurrence, Fabián Salvioli, presents his report on memorialization processes in the context of serious violations of human rights and international humanitarian law as the fifth pillar of transitional justice. The report deals with the regulatory framework concerning the obligation to adopt memory processes and ensure their non-regression, analyses the challenges and opportunities surrounding these processes in situations of conflict and transition, and addresses the problem of the weaponization of memory on social networks. The report highlights the need for vigorous, active and multidimensional memory policies in order to respond adequately to past crimes and prevent their recurrence. The report concludes with recommendations that are addressed primarily to States but also to the United Nations. GE.20-09155 (E) 290720 290720 