A/HRC/34/33 and diagnosis of the development of national policies, while the second would explore the design of policies, with special attention to the needs of vulnerable groups. The third dialogue would look into the implementation of mechanisms for mainstreaming human rights through the national police. The fourth dialogue would focus on mechanisms and tools for monitoring the implementation of national policies and follow-up. The workshop would be concluded with an analysis of results and reflections on the ways forward by the panellists and discussants. III. Dialogue I: preparatory phase and diagnosis for the development of national policies 9. The Chief of the Africa Branch of the Field Operations and Technical Cooperation Division of OHCHR, Mahamane Cissé-Gouro, opened the dialogue by emphasizing the importance of the initial preparatory stage for effective and sustainable policymaking, given that only sound analysis based on accurate data would allow serious social and economic challenges to be tackled. In a wider sense, this also involved understanding the actors and their motivations and interests. 10. The Management Board member of the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights, Filippo di Robilant, underlined the importance of promoting an understanding of human rights as a horizontal and cross-cutting issue, recalling that the realization of economic, social and cultural rights generated inclusion and social justice. Human rights should not be regarded as a minority issue or an optional extra, but something to be enjoyed by everybody. In order to act proactively rather than reactively, human rights should be mainstreamed throughout national policy discussions and be reflected across all levels of governance, while involving non-governmental stakeholders in a systemic approach. 11. Mr. di Robilant called for multi-level cooperation between the United Nations and regional and national bodies in the implementation of rights. Given the complexity of the challenges that the world faced and the diversity of States, both State and non-State human rights actors had to work together and develop joint efforts within their respective capacities. The exchange of best practices could help to pool knowledge and expertise from different States. More opportunities for good practice sharing and peer-to-peer support between States should be developed. Common indicators could be used to assess national human rights strategies; for example, they could reveal whether existing funds were being used to improve the level of protection of human rights or were being left idle or, worse, disappearing into pockets. Although simple yet essential accountability tools were urgently needed, they were resisted in many States. 12. Promising initiatives in this regard included the Annual Colloquium on Fundamental Rights organized by the European Commission, and the Fundamental Rights Forum which the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights had convened in Vienna for the first time, in June 2016. These had been opportunities to foster multi-level cooperation and datasharing, to advance the debate and to create strong and focused human rights policies that would help to safeguard shared values. Fostering inclusive societies through human rights and citizen education was essential to achieve positive change. This had to start at primary school and continue to the highest levels of education. International organizations had a central role to play in disseminating human rights principles, enhancing critical thinking and media literacy, and increasing intercultural understanding through education. Mr. di Robilant referred to the European Erasmus programme as a good example of such work. 13. Recalling the principle of “nothing about us, without us”, and in particular its practical application in the development of key international human rights instruments, such as the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, Mr. di Robilant 4