A/HRC/25/65 bearing the Red Crescent emblem, were arrested and detained by security services for 10 days. 28. Recently, a Syrian surgeon working in an Aleppo hospital operated by Médecins Sans Frontières, was killed. His body was found on 3 September 2013. He had been treating victims of the conflict. 29. The clearly established pattern indicates that Government forces deliberately target medical personnel to gain military advantage by depriving the opposition and those perceived to support them of medical assistance for injuries sustained. While Government harassment and targeting of medical personnel continues, it appears to have diminished in 2013 because a considerable number of doctors have left the country or accepted the restrictions that security forces imposed on hospitals. 30. Other doctors have left Government-controlled areas and attempted to ensure continuity of medical care in opposition-controlled areas. However, there are increasing indications that certain anti-Government armed groups also fail to respect medical personnel. In late April 2013, the head doctor of a field hospital in northern Aleppo city was detained by members of Jabhat Al Nusra after he refused to display their banner in the hospital, insisting that the hospital was a neutral space. The doctor was held by the Sharia Committee for several days. 31. The Commission documented one case in which an armed opposition group targeted an ambulance. This occurred on 16 August 2013, when Hamad Abd al Jalil Battalion fighters attacked a Kurdish Red Crescent ambulance in Al Hasakah, killing the patient, the ambulance driver and paramedic. Before firing upon the clearly marked ambulance, the fighters had targeted it with an IED on the Ras Al Ain - Desbasiyeh road. V. Interference with care and ill-treatment 32. Security forces have arrested and detained wounded persons in medical facilities, claiming bullet or shrapnel wounds as evidence of participation in opposition activities. The overbroad formulation of Law 19, article 10 allows its application in a manner that requires doctors to inform on patients in all cases, which is inconsistent with international humanitarian law’s insistence that “persons engaged in medical activities shall not be compelled to perform acts or to carry out work contrary to medical ethics or to other medical rules designed for the benefit of the wounded and sick”. In several instances, medical personnel refused to treat persons for fear of arrest. In Aleppo, Damascus, Dara’a, Dayr az Zawr, Hama, Homs, Idlib and Latakia governorates, wounded and sick persons were denied treatment on sectarian or political grounds by Government forces. Healthcare has become militarized to the extent that many in need elect not to seek medical assistance in hospitals for fear of arrest, detention, torture or death. Through such measures, the Government has deliberately obstructed the efforts of the sick and wounded to receive help. 33. In exploiting medical care to further strategic and military aims, Government forces have engaged in agonizing cruelty against the sick and wounded. The Commission has recorded consistent accounts spanning the conflict of the ill-treatment and torture of persons in military hospitals. There are strong indications of collusion between military hospitals and various security agencies in the use of torture. 34. Between April and August 2011, security officers, at times with the involvement of medical personnel, beat persons in the emergency trauma ward of the Military Hospital of Tishrin, Damascus. Most victims of this ill-treatment were protesters that had been injured by Government forces. 60