A/HRC/24/40 the defendant and one in the imposition of the death penalty; nine cases were pending. Prosecution through the ordinary criminal justice system is also limited. While official police and court data are not available, data informally acquired by the Human Rights Unit from the Somali police indicate that about 100 rape cases were opened in Mogadishu between January and November 2012. 55. Reports of sexual exploitation and abuse of Somali women by AMISOM troops were also received during this period. The Independent Expert learned that the United Nations in Somalia was in the process of publishing a report on violence against women in Somalia that includes testimonies of women who are familiar with the pattern of sexual exploitation by AMISOM troops, in which sex is exchanged for food or money. C. Grave violations committed against children in armed conflict 56. As previously reported by the Independent Expert, all parties to the conflict in Somalia systematically recruit and use children for military and other purposes, through different strategies. In 2012, the Transitional Federal Government signed a plan of action with the United Nations, committing to end the recruitment and use of children, in response to the conclusions made by the Working Group of the Security Council on Children and Armed Conflict. The ongoing recruitment signals the urgent need to prioritize the implementation of the plan of action by the Government. The Government-allied militia, Ahlu Sunnah Wal Jama’a (ASWJ), was reportedly responsible for 51 cases of recruitment and use of children 57. Documented reports on abductions by parties to the conflict in Somalia indicate a 12-fold increase. The majority of these cases were allegedly perpetrated by Al-Shabaab (780) and the SNAF and allied militia (720). The reports received indicated that AlShabaab abducted children mainly from schools, playing fields and public halls where football matches are screened, for the purposes of recruitment and sexual violence, while SNAF abductions came after security operations meant to “flush out” anti-Government elements. 58. The Independent Expert has learned that in 2012 the United Nations verified 748 cases of killings and maiming of children. The majority of the killings were allegedly perpetrated by unknown armed groups (111), followed by Al-Shabaab (94) and the Government security forces (70). 59. During the same period, a total of 213 cases of sexual violence were documented, mainly in central and southern Somalia (3 boys and 210 girls). The majority of these violations were allegedly committed by the SNAF (119), followed by Al-Shabaab and unknown armed groups (43 each). 60. Although security challenges and lack of access to large areas of Somalia make it impossible to determine the exact number of schools and hospitals attacked by parties to the conflict, reports received by the United Nations indicate that there have been a total of 84 incidents (72 attacks on schools and 12 attacks on hospitals). Most of the cases were allegedly perpetrated by Al-Shabaab (51), followed by the SNAF (14) and the Ethiopian Armed Forces (6). According to the report, Al-Shabaab was responsible for 11 of the 12 attacks on hospitals that were reported and verified in 2012. D. Conflict-related detention 61. In 2012 and 2013 a significant increase in the number of Al-Shabaab fighters captured in combat, as well as fighters who voluntarily surrendered to Transitional Federal 12