A/HRC/12/WG.2/TF/2
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States though collective obligations may not be sufficiently explicit. The activities of
international institutions and other bilateral and multilateral arrangements, especially those
involved in the financing of development, including issues related to trade, debt, aid and
technology flows, are highly critical for the realization to the right to development.
101. As a first step to set up a rigorous framework for selection of criteria and refining those
that have been already proposed, the task force finds it useful to identify the principal
components or attributes of the right to development, based on a reading of the Declaration, and
to structure the criteria around them. The elaboration on the normative content of the right in the
deliberations of the Working Group at its various sessions, the earlier follow-up mechanisms
established after the adoption of the Declaration in 1986 and the reports of the independent
expert on the right to development were also taken into account when identifying the
components of the right. By selecting the principal components of a right, the process of
identifying suitable criteria and their appropriate qualitative and quantitative measures is
facilitated by a categorization that is clear, concrete and, perhaps, more tangible in facilitating
such a selection.2 The acceptability of the approach critically rests on being able to identify
components that must be (a) mutually exclusive, that is, to the extent feasible they do not overlap
in their scope; and (b) based on an exhaustive reading of the normative framework so that, to the
extent feasible, the complete standard is reflected in the selection of the components of the right
and its corresponding criteria, subcriteria or the relevant quantitative and qualitative measures
that support the operationalization of the identified criteria.
102. The task force has identified three main components of the right to development, around
which revised criteria and subcriteria can be structured. These are comprehensive human-centred
development, enabling environment and social justice and equity. The proposed revised criteria
have been identified for each of these components.
103. In its preambular paragraph, the Declaration on the Right to Development recognizes that
development is a comprehensive economic, social, cultural and political process that aims at the
constant improvement of the well-being of the entire population and of all individuals on the
basis of their active, free and meaningful participation in development and in the fair distribution
of benefits resulting thereof. It recognizes the human person as the central subject of
development and as an active participant and beneficiary of the right to development. It is
holistic in terms of both development outcomes and the process underpinning that development.
A comprehensive human-centred development, at an operational level, implies (a) indivisibility
and interdependence of human rights in development such that the relevant standards on the civil
and political rights and the economic social and cultural rights have to be seen as an integrated
whole that needs to be reflected accordingly in the development strategy (art. 1(1), 6(2) and
9(1)); (b) the importance of not only the outcomes of the development process, which can be
identified with the realization of all human rights, but also of the process of their realization (art.
1(1), 2 (1 to 3) and 8(2)) (in other words, a complementarity of the process and outcomes in the
2
This was the approach of OHCHR in the identification of indicators for promoting and monitoring the
implementation of human rights for human rights treaty bodies. See, for example, HRI/MC/2008/3.
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