A/HRC/38/28 beyond Mexico and Latin America, to promote South-South and triangular cooperation through training and learning exchanges. 31. Population and housing censuses are a primary source of disaggregated data needed to formulate, implement and monitor development policies and programmes, and it is therefore of paramount importance to include the most vulnerable and marginalized groups. In Guatemala, the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) and OHCHR supported the National Statistics Institute with incorporating a rights-based approach to the 2018 national population and housing census, and facilitated coordination with indigenous people and people of African descent in that context. In Ghana, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), with the Commission on Human Rights and Administrative Justice, undertook a background study on groups that are at risk of statelessness and remain uncounted in national administrative registries, and advocated for the inclusion of questions related to nationality status in the upcoming population and housing census. D. Leaving no one behind and supporting gender equality 32. Translating the commitment to leaving no one behind in a transformative way focuses on the need to dismantle discrimination and reduce inequalities by addressing the structural root causes that keep people in poverty, and that marginalize, exclude or discriminate against them in laws, policies and social practices. Human rights technical cooperation and capacity-building can make a crucial contribution to the realization of the goals of the 2030 Agenda by unpacking the overarching principle of leaving no one behind, and promoting gender equality. Support for States’ efforts to address inequalities and discrimination against women and the most left behind in their societies — through legislative, institutional and policy reforms — contributes to the removal of obstacles that impede the effective horizontal and transversal implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals, as such support seeks to address the root causes of discrimination as well as the multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination. The following are some examples of the support being provided to States’ efforts to address inequalities, including those related to addressing structural barriers: reversing unequal distributions of power, resources and opportunities; and challenging discriminatory laws, policies, social norms and gender stereotypes. 1. Gender equality and women’s rights 33. Access to justice is an important driver of change and is recognized in the 2030 Agenda as a means of achieving peaceful and inclusive societies, including in Goal 16. While for women in particular, access to justice is key to breaking cycles of violence, shifting power relations and achieving empowerment and gender equality, women continue to face numerous obstacles in accessing remedies and reparations, due to structural inequalities, gender stereotyping and discrimination. Technical cooperation in that regard can therefore contribute to both Goal 5 and Goal 16. 34. In that respect, the landmark 2016 decision in the Sepur Zarco case in Guatemala set an important precedent. It marks a major step forward in access to justice for indigenous women, and contributes to Goal 16. For the first time in the history of Guatemala, sexual violence committed during the country’s military conflict in the 1980s was successfully prosecuted, leading to the conviction of two former members of the military for the murder, rape and sexual enslavement of indigenous women. The court also ordered reparations in order to address past denials of the rights to health, education and access to land. OHCHR and UN-Women have provided support for years to help bring justice to these women, and are currently engaged in technical assistance for the implementation of the reparation measures. 35. In 2017, UN-Women worked to enhance access to legal aid for women living with HIV to reduce gender-based stigma and discrimination. In Viet Nam, for example, UNWomen helped the national network of women living with HIV to analyse specific forms of discrimination that women face in the context of HIV and to identify gender-specific 9