A/HRC/42/60/Add.1 dimensions, two each for health and education and six for living standards. 31 Each indicator maps directly or indirectly on to human rights. 18. Social determinants directly impact everyday lives. Reports and surveys on this is evidence of the interrelationship between different dimensions of poverty and indicators of poverty. The social determinants of health,32 for example, are defined as the conditions in which people are born, grow, work, live and age and the wider set of forces and systems shaping the conditions of daily life. These influence approaches to the sustainable development goals, reflecting a holistic approach to health, education, reducing violence and so on across the spectrum of rights and freedoms embedded in the SDGs. 33 19. The Special Rapporteur has learned from the Minister for Health and Minister of Social Affairs, Veterans and Youth Rehabilitation of the efforts being made in Cambodia to guarantee accessible, affordable, quality healthcare for all through various programmes including the Health Equity Fund, National Social Protection Fund and the National Policy on Ageing 2017-2030. The Cambodian Sustainable Development Goals target 3.9 34 seeks to achieve universal health coverage, defined as the number of poor protected by health equity funds amongst the population living under the poverty line, measurable by the percentage of the population covered by social health protection systems. This definition omits the near poor and efforts will have to be intensified to ensure that the same quality of healthcare is available to all. 20. The Government has also stipulated a CSDG target 3.1 on an overall level of health and wellbeing of Cambodian peoples measured by life expectancy at birth and fertility rates through live births by reporting year.35 The Special Rapporteur has been informed of additional financial support for women during a maternity period though she continues to receive information from women who lose their jobs when pregnant (and consequently miss out on the new enhanced maternity provisions). This is contrary to Article 46 of the Constitution and Article 182 Labour Law. 21. The Health Equity Fund operates to ensure that those who are unable to pay for treatment secure free treatment. This strategy is linked to ID Poor which demonstrates eligibility for free treatment. Case by case decisions can also be made. Whilst there is no doubt that this fund has ensured access to healthcare for many, there remain inevitable issues of corruption including the continuation of differentiations in healthcare for those who can pay (and obtain faster, more comprehensive treatment) and those that cannot. Some commentators have even argued for the abolition of all payments, indicating a tipping point reached in the numbers accessing free healthcare which means determining eligibility is no longer financially viable. 22. Considering the social determinants indicate that a holistic approach is needed to ensure that no one is left behind. Education (SDG4), reduced inequalities (SDG10), clean water and sanitation (SDG6), decent work (SDG8), and zero hunger (SDG2) are especially relevant and indicate the interrelatedness and indivisibility of both the goals and the underpinning human rights. Improved access to clean water, sanitation and adequate nutrition, achieved in part through education for example, will improve health and standards of living as well as reducing some indicators of poverty. Improving completion rates and quality of education, rendering it accessible to all (on merit for higher levels) will open up work opportunities. Improving working conditions enhances health and wellbeing. Whilst perhaps axiomatic, some groups of people remain disadvantaged, not benefitting from (or much) from the improvements secured in health, work, education and so on. These people are already being left behind. 23 Improving physical and mental healthcare, reducing violence in the home and outwith, increasing education opportunities for all, ensuring decent work (and an adequate standard 31 32 33 34 35 8 https://ophi.org.uk/multidimensional-poverty-index/global-mpi-2018/. http://www.who.int/social_determinants Commission chaired by Professor Sir Michael Marmot. The 2011 World Conference on the Social Determinants of Health adopted the Rio Political Declaration https://www.who.int/sdhconference/declaration/en/. Maps to UNSDG 3.8. CSDG Goal 3.1.