A/HRC/43/74 Security Council and the Afghan national security forces to systematically document harm to civilians from conflict-related incidents; (c) Immediately disband and disarm all illegal armed groups and militias, including the Khost Protection Force and Shaheen Forces, and formally incorporate members into the Afghan national security forces following a robust vetting procedure; increase transparency and accountability concerning operations conducted by the National Directorate of Security Special Forces, which appear to fall outside of the official governmental chain of command and to be coordinated with international military actors; and ensure accountability by investigating all allegations of human rights abuses and violations of international humanitarian law by illegal armed groups and militia (d) Adopt a plan of action to meet the State’s obligations under the Protocol on Explosive Remnants of War (Protocol V) to the Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which May Be Deemed to Be Excessively Injurious or to Have Indiscriminate Effects; Children and armed conflict (e) Strengthen the capacity of child protection units within the Afghan National Police to monitor, identify and prevent underage recruitment and use through proactive monitoring, particularly at checkpoints, investigate all reports of child recruitment and use of children, and of sexual violence against children, and address the lack of services and alternatives for children who have been rejected for recruitment by the Afghan national security forces or released from active service; (f) Strengthen laws and policies to prevent the military use of schools to supplement statements included in the Safe Schools Declaration, which Afghanistan adopted in May 2015; (g) Consider children recruited by armed groups foremost as victims, and prioritize their rehabilitation, and consider decentralizing jurisdictions in cases of children charged with security- or terrorism-related offences so that they may remain closer to their families and be tried near to their areas of origin; (h) Ensure the implementation of relevant provisions of the revised Penal Code criminalizing bacha bazi with a focus on accountability for perpetrators, including for members of the Afghan national security forces; Prevention of torture and respect for procedural safeguards (i) Establish, in consultation with the Subcommittee on Prevention of Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment. a national preventive mechanism for the prevention of torture; (j) Strictly enforce laws prohibiting torture and other forms of ill-treatment, ensure that the procedural and other legal safeguards required by national and international law to prevent torture and ill-treatment are upheld by all national authorities, and take steps to ensure that the judiciary systematically investigates allegations of torture even in the absence of medical records, and that coerced confessions are not admitted as evidence in court proceedings; (k) End the practice of incommunicado detention, and strictly enforce national laws requiring detaining authorities to inform the families of detainees about their whereabouts; (l) Allocate adequate resources for investigative officers and forensic facilities to improve the use of forensic evidence so that investigations and trials rely less on suspects’ statements; (m) Improve the ability of the judiciary to guarantee fair trials and due process in all criminal proceedings, pursuant to article 14 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights; 13