A/HRC/36/3
the commission of acts of terrorism resulted in the loss of nationality; such decisions could
be appealed up to the highest level of the judiciary.
86.
Concerning the travel ban for human rights defenders, in accordance with the
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, to which Bahrain had acceded in
2006, everyone should be free to leave any country, “including his own”, and that right
should not be subject to any restrictions except those which are provided by law and are
necessary to protect national security, public order (ordre public), public health or morals
or the rights and freedoms of others.
87.
The secretariat of the Ombudsman had been established in July 2013; it received
complaints brought against any employee of the Ministry of the Interior. It had dealt with
more than 3,200 cases, 70 per cent of which involved individual or collective requests for
assistance or for information concerning the competent authorities of the Ministry. Many of
the recommendations it had made had been received positively and had been addressed and
implemented.
88.
On 27 February 2012, the Attorney General had issued decision No. 8, establishing
the independent Special Investigations Unit, which was considered a division of the
judiciary. Its task, as outlined in the decision, was to determine the criminal responsibility
of government officials accused of committing unlawful acts that had resulted in murder,
torture, abuse or ill-treatment. The Unit continued to investigate such allegations and,
where necessary, initiate prosecutions, in accordance with international standards, such as
the Manual on the Effective Investigation and Documentation of Torture and Other Cruel,
Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (Istanbul Protocol), including allegations
against officials holding leadership positions, under the principle of command
responsibility.
89.
In accordance with royal decree No. 61 of 2013, a commission on the rights of
prisoners and detainees had been established. Bahrain had adopted the principles of the
Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or
Degrading Treatment or Punishment. The Commission monitored prisons, detention centres
and juvenile detention centres to ascertain the conditions of detention and the treatment that
detainees received. Members of the commission exercised their functions independently,
transparently and impartially.
90.
Ghana welcomed the amendments to certain provisions of the law on judicial
authority and the establishment of the Office of the Ombudsman. It noted with concern that
despite the acceptance by Bahrain of recommendations made during its second review to
provide remedy to victims of discrimination and to protect ethnic and religious
communities, action had yet to be taken by the Government.
91.
Guatemala noted that the Constitution guaranteed equality and protected against
discrimination on religious grounds, but that there was no recognition of the right to
freedom of thought, conscience or belief. Guatemala urged Bahrain to adopt measures to
protect religious minorities.
92.
Honduras acknowledged positive measures taken by Bahrain to implement the
majority of the received recommendations, noting in particular the establishment of the
Office of the Ombudsman.
93.
Iceland remained concerned about the worsening human rights situation, including
the clamp-down on human rights defenders and civil society. Iceland called on Bahrain to
create conditions that fostered reconciliation and an inclusive political process.
94.
India welcomed the cooperation of Bahrain with OHCHR and the training
programmes for the judiciary. India requested details on the implementation of the national
plan for the advancement of women and the progress achieved under the project to reform
the labour market, and encouraged continuous efforts in the protection of foreign workers.
95.
Indonesia commended Bahrain for the establishment of independent bodies that
monitored the rights of prisoners and detainees and for its close cooperation with OHCHR
on technical cooperation and a capacity-building programme.
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