A/HRC/13/16 and freedom of expression, including sanctions for violating these laws. Mexico made recommendations. 22. Chile noted the measures taken in different areas to improve the protection and promotion of human rights in a complex context. Chile made recommendations. 23. The United States of America expressed serious concern regarding the torture and ill-treatment of detainees by Equatorial Guinea’s security forces, as reported by independent experts, including the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. It noted that the new Law of Judicial Power has created competent Courts of Penitentiary Vigilance to foster discipline among penitentiary authorities but that, however, the systematic torture, secret detention and ill-treatment of suspects in detention facilities continues with near total impunity. United States made recommendations. 24. The Czech Republic inquired on how international obligations in the areas of freedom of expression and the rights of the child are implemented nationally. It asked also about complaint mechanisms for victims of violence against women or their families who feel their case was not handled properly by the police. It made recommendations. 25. The Netherlands welcomed the steps for protecting children against trafficking, and expressed concern about the number of children victims of trafficking and exploitation. It expressed concern on reports that political activists and others were allegedly detained without charge or trial for peacefully exercising their right to freedom of expression, assembly or association. Domestic violence against women, including rape, was insufficiently addressed. It welcomed the 2007 Act on the prevention and penalization of torture, while noting serious reports of torture and ill-treatment, especially of detainees. It noted reports of the lack of access of women and girls to adequate health care services, especially in rural areas and about the alarming rate of teenage pregnancies. It made recommendations. 26. Italy noted the numerous reports of enforced disappearances relating to Equatorial Guineans exiled abroad who have reportedly been abducted and transferred to secret facilities and detention centres in Equatorial Guinea. It noted with appreciation that, thanks mainly to oil resources and revenues, Equatorial Guinea has experienced fast economic growth over the last years. However, Italy indicated that the living conditions of a large part of the population remain below poverty standards. Italy made recommendations. 27. Nigeria noted that Equatorial Guinea is party to core international human rights instruments and has been cooperating with human rights mechanisms. It referred to different mechanisms for the provision of healthcare, education and basic infrastructure and commended Equatorial Guinea for surpassing the targets for the fight against AIDS, tuberculosis and other diseases. It asked about steps to provide essential amenities for people living in the rural areas and efforts to ensure greater operation of independent media. Nigeria made recommendations. 28. Spain highlighted the recent accession to the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (OP-CEDAW). Spain also noted the measures taken to improve gender equality encouraging Equatorial Guinea to continue its efforts in this respect. Spain made recommendations. 29. Brazil recognised the progress made and the challenges faced by Equatorial Guinea in several areas. While highlighting the new Law on National Education and related policies, Brazil requested Equatorial Guinea to comment on the possible causes of the recent reduction in the rates of primary school enrolment. It welcomed measures to prevent HIV/AIDS, particularly the free availability of condoms in hospitals. Brazil noted with appreciation the national policy to promote women. Brazil made recommendations. 6