A/HRC/18/40 full humanitarian assistance owing to a variety of reasons. Furthermore, the presence of armed men around some of the camps severely restricted the movement and other rights of camp residents. 52. Civilians also continued to be exposed to violence and abuses from attacks by rebel groups and militia affiliated with the Government. On 2 September 2010, an unidentified armed group attacked a market in the village of Tabarat, in North Darfur, killing more than 30 civilians. A UNAMID team dispatched to the area to assess the situation was prevented from reaching the village by the SAF and an armed movement. In October, the Government established a commission of inquiry to investigate the incident. The commission conducted two visits to Tawila, but to date nobody has been held accountable for this incident. In Shangil Tobaya, between 31 May and 3 June 2011, civilians were reportedly killed when clashes erupted between members of a local Zaghawa community and an unidentified militia group. An investigation by UNAMID confirmed that at least four people belonging to the Zaghawa tribe were killed when they attempted to retrieve their stolen livestock from the militia group. A commission of inquiry has been set up by the Governor of the State to investigate the circumstances surrounding the fighting and the killings. 53. On a positive note, during the reporting period, a considerable decrease was witnessed in inter-communal violence and targeted attacks on UNAMID and humanitarian actors. This may be attributable to the Mission’s increasingly robust military and police presence and the Government’s efforts to promote reconciliation between communities. Three crew members of the United Nations Humanitarian Air Service, the last humanitarian actors to be held in captivity, were released unharmed almost five months after being kidnapped. There were, however, several serious incidents of attacks on UNAMID peacekeepers and humanitarians, two of them resulting in fatalities. On 5 April 2011, a UNAMID policewoman was killed in an ambush by unidentified gunmen near Kutum, in North Darfur; and on 30 June, a UNAMID peacekeeper was shot and mortally wounded in an ambush by unidentified gunmen in El Geneina, West Darfur. 20

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