A/HRC/40/CRP.3 23. From 1 January to 31 December 2018, shelling and SALW fire caused 156 civilian casualties (21 killed and 135 injured), a 54.7 per cent decrease compared with 2017 when 344 civilian casualties (49 killed and 295 injured) caused by shelling and SALW fire were recorded. 24. Of the 156 civilian casualties caused by shelling and SALW fire in 2018: 121 (77.6 per cent) were recorded in territory controlled by armed groups and are attributable to the Government, 28 (17.9 per cent) - in governmentcontrolled territory and are attributable to arme groups, and 7 (4.5 percent) - in ‘no man’s land’.19 25. From 1 January to 31 December 2018, OHCHR recorded 119 civilian casualties (34 killed and 85 injured) resulting from mine-related incidents20 (MRI) and ERW handling. 21 This is a 50 per cent decrease compared with 2017 when 238 civilian casualties (64 killed and 174 injured), resulting from mine-related incidents and ERW handling, were recorded. C. Civilian casualties during the entire conflict period22 26. During the entire conflict period, from 14 April 2014 to 15 February 2019, OHCHR recorded 3,023 civilian deaths (1,794 men, 1,046 women, 97 boys, 49 girls and 37 adults whose gender is unknown). With the 298 deaths on board of Malaysian Airlines MH17 flight on 17 July 2014, the total death toll of the conflict on civilians has been at least 3,321. The number of injured civilians is estimated to exceed 7,000. 19 20 21 22 To compare: of the 344 civilian casualties caused by shelling and SALW fire in 2017: 230 (66.9 per cent) were recorded in territory controlled by armed groups, 113 (32.8 per cent) in governmentcontrolled territory, and 1 (0.3 per cent) in ‘no man’s land’. Incidents, in which civilians were killed or injured by mines (antipersonnel or anti-vehicle) or explosive devices triggered in the same way, such as booby traps, or by ERW (explosive remnants of war) that are inadvertently detonated by unsuspecting civilians. Victims of ERW handling manipulated an ERW for a certain period of time and took actions to cause its detonation (for instance, by trying to dismantle it), or were near those, who manipulated an ERW. Though civilians have been the major focus of OHCHR casualty recording in Ukraine, OHCHR also collects reports/data on casualties among combatants to prevent inclusion of combatants into civilian casualty statistics, and to estimate the total death toll of the conflict. OHCHR estimates the total number of conflict-related casualties in Ukraine (from 14 April 2014 to 15 February 2019) at 40,000– 43,000: 12,800–13,000 killed (at least 3,321 civilians and est. 9,500 combatants), and 27,500–30,000 injured (est. 7,000–9,000 civilians and est. 21,000-24,000 combatants). Previous conservative OHCHR estimate of total conflict-related casualties was as of 15 November 2017: at least 10,303 killed, including 2,821 civilians and 7,482 combatants, and at least 24,778 injured, including 7,000 to 9,000 civilians (OHCHR report on the human rights situation in Ukraine covering the period from 16 August to 15 November 2017, paragraphs 29-30). Between 16 November 2017 and 15 February 2019, OHCHR recorded 63 civilian deaths which occurred during that period, and recorded/processed data on 437 civilian deaths that occurred before 16 November 2017, mostly in 2014 and 2015. The increase in the estimate of killed combatants from at least 7,482 as of 15 November 2017 to est. 9,500 as of 15 February 2019 is due to combatants’ deaths that occurred from 16 November 2017 to 15 February 2019 (est. 450) and to recorded/processed data on combatants’ deaths that occurred before 16 November 2017 (est. 1,500), mostly in 2014 and 2015. 9