A/HRC/19/69 Contents I. Introduction ............................................................................................................. Paragraphs Page 1–13 5 A. Cooperation with the Government. ................................................................. 4–6 5 B. Methodology ................................................................................................... 7–13 5 ................................................................................................................ 14–37 7 A. Domestic political developments .................................................................... 14–16 7 B. Increasing violence and polarization ............................................................. 17–27 7 C. International context ....................................................................................... 28–33 9 D. Socio-economic impact................................................................................... 34–37 10 Human rights situation ............................................................................................ 38–82 10 A. Attacks targeting residential areas and civilians ............................................. 39–46 10 B. Attacks on the political opposition, human rights defenders and the media ... 47–57 11 C. Arbitrary arrests, torture, abductions and enforced disappearances ................ 58–70 13 D. Deprivation of economic and social rights ..................................................... 71–77 14 E. Violations of children‟s rights ........................................................................ 78–82 15 Responsibility for crimes against humanity, gross violations and abuses ............... 83–120 16 A. State authorities .............................................................................................. 89–104 17 B. Anti-Government armed groups, including Free Syrian Army groups ........... 105–120 19 Conclusions and recommendations ......................................................................... 121–139 21 A. Ending violence .............................................................................................. 131–135 22 B. Reconciliation, accountability and reparation ................................................. 136–139 24 I. Note verbale dated 13 December 2011 addressed to the Permanent Representative of the Syrian Arab Republic .............................................................................................................. 25 II. Note verbale dated 21 December 2011 from the Permanent Representative of the Syrian Arab Republic addressed to the commission .............................................................. 26 III. Note verbale dated 27 December 2011 from the Permanent Representative of the Syrian Arab Republic addressed to the President of the Human Rights Council .................. 33 IV. Note verbale dated 28 December 2011 addressed to the Permanent Representative of the Syrian Arab Republic ............................................................................................................ 40 V. Letter dated 18 January 2012 from the commission addressed to the President of the Syrian Arab Republic ............................................................................................................. 43 VI. Letter dated 23 January 2012 from the commission addressed to the Minister for Justice of the Syrian Arab Republic ............................................................................................................. 46 VII. Letter dated 23 January 2012 from the commission addressed to the Minister for the Interior of the Syrian Arab Republic ............................................................................................................ 49 II. III. IV. V. Context Annexes 3