A/HRC/2/7 page 19 84. While each category of person faces specific problems, the main obstacles to the resumption of a life in safety and dignity are to a large extent shared by persons still displaced, returnees, and those who did not leave their homes in South Lebanon during the conflict. In Lebanon, the major obstacles to resumption of normal life in the affected areas are the violations of the right to adequate housing and health, including the destruction of housing, lack of access to water, electricity and sanitation, and the dangers of unexploded ordnance. 85. Tens of thousands of persons were left homeless in the Dahiye and in South Lebanon as a result of the Israeli bombing.110 The mission witnessed efforts to remove the rubble111 and rebuild destroyed and damaged housing. These efforts are led by Hezbollah, and in particular its construction arm Jihad al-Bina.112 Reports indicate that, in addition to serving Shiite areas, Jihad al-Bina is also working in predominately Sunni areas, like the northern area of Akkar, where it recently repaired some 200 houses in 13 villages.113 Hezbollah’s apparent efficiency constitutes a considerable challenge to the Government’s role and calls for more coordination in post-conflict work than is currently the case.114 86. The Government has been successful in raising funds for reconstruction.115 It has also announced that it would pay US$ 33,000 to each family whose home had been destroyed,116 but it yet has to make such payments and generally to prove its effectiveness in the reconstruction. In the end, the reconstruction process in Lebanon will probably involve a triangular configuration of private owners, Government and Jihad al-Bina,117 which will require considerable coordination to avoid some victims falling through the cracks. As winter with its cold rains approaches, time is of the essence. 87. The existence of highly volatile, unexploded cluster bomb sub-munitions constitutes a threat to clearing building rubble and, more generally, to the rights to life and health of the population, as evidenced by the 104 casualties they caused as of 23 September 2006, 14 of which were fatal.118 Until the identification of cluster bomb strike locations and the clearance of the sites are completed, or at least significant progress made (a process which UNMACC estimates will take 12-15 months119), people will not be able to go back to their homes, children will not be able to go to school and returnees previously active in agriculture will be deprived of a livelihood.120 88. A further complication to the return and reconstruction process is the insecurity surrounding the legal status of a significant portion of the real estate involved. In South Beirut and parts of southern Lebanon, many destroyed buildings reportedly had been constructed illegally and on land owned by the Lebanese State, religious endowments and individuals displaced during the 1975-1989 civil war. There is therefore a real risk of property-related disputes delaying or impeding the reconstruction and return process. 89. Damage to medical facilities combined with shortages of fuel, power, water and supplies have had a major impact on service delivery throughout the districts affected by the conflict.121 There is a serious gap, for example, in maternal and child care services. Just one in four primary health care facilities are able to provide pre-natal care, and just one in 10 can support proper delivery and emergency obstetric care. One third are able to store vaccines and just 13 per cent are able to provide some mental health services. Normally, all of these facilities should be able to provide all of these services.122 The situation remains particularly acute in those communities