A/HRC/25/57 contributing also to educational and empowerment goals.37 In November 2013, the province of Ontario adopted a Local Food Act (Bill 36), establishing a local food fund and aiming to increase awareness of, access to and demand for local food in the province, as well as supporting local food procurement in public sector institutions (schools, municipalities, hospitals and cafeterias). Meanwhile, Toronto’s food strategy includes the Toronto Agricultural Program in support of urban agriculture, and support to a Mobile Good Food Market initiative serving low-income communities. In South Africa, the Special Rapporteur noted with interest the City of Durban/eThekwini Municipality’s Agroecology Delivery Programme (A/HRC/19/59/Add.3, paras. 48 and 49). In Brazil, he was impressed by the achievements of the Zero Hunger strategy launched in 2003 (A/HRC/13/33/Add.6, para. 33).38 Following the example of Belo Horizonte a decade earlier, this strategy includes a range of programmes that are territory-based and seek to support the ability of “family farmers” to feed the cities: among the innovations are the institutional recognition of family farming and the establishment of a ministry specifically dedicated to meeting their needs (the Ministry for Agrarian Development), a low-income restaurant programme, food banks, community kitchens, cisterns, and the improvement of facilities for the storage of food in rural areas, as well as encouragement of the “social solidarity” economy. Zero Hunger was further strengthened in 2008 with the introduction of the Territories of Citizenship programme, focused on least developed rural territories and including a strong social participation component. Mexico is also stepping up its efforts with the National Crusade against Hunger, which includes a strongly participatory dimension, as the Special Rapporteur could witness first-hand during a visit to the country on 14 and 15 November 2013. 39. The right to food is central to the success of these efforts at rebuilding local food systems. First, a key condition for the success of such strategies is that participation is encouraged at a local level, in order to allow all stakeholders (from the producers to the end consumers) to arrive at a joint diagnosis of which improvements could be made to rebuild the local food system and to propose certain social innovations. Local initiatives informed by social participation will be better informed and therefore more effective in reaching their objectives, and they will result in a more transparent and accountable use of resources. The establishment of local food councils formally linked to municipalities can be one way of achieving this. Second, the right to food provides a way to measure whether the initiatives launched are successful, thus facilitating monitoring. The definition of the right to food recalled above provides a set of indicators to define success, in ways that avoid conflating it with the reduction of income poverty or increased agricultural outputs. Third, crucially, the right to food introduces the dimension of accountability: social innovations aimed at the mobilization of local resources to rebuild food systems through a bottom-up approach will have lasting impacts if they result in commitments that beneficiaries can claim – for instance, commitments to provide certain types of support to local food producers or to deliver adequate food to low-income communities. B. Deploying national strategies 40. The Special Rapporteur has consistently encouraged the adoption of national strategies in support of the progressive realization of the right to adequate food, in line with the recommendations of the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights in its 37 38 16 E. Duchemin, F. Wegmuller and A.-M. Legault, “Urban agriculture: multi-dimensional tools for social development in poor neighbourhoods”, Field Actions Science Report, vol. 1 (2008), pp. 43–50. See J. Graziano da Silva, M. del Grossi and C. Galvão de França, eds., The Fome Zero (Zero Hunger) Program: The Brazilian Experience (2010).