A/HRC/42/60 ensuring equal access to justice for all. Time, money, distance and a lack of trust in the judiciary impedes people from seeking justice through formal mechanisms. The provision of legal aid remains limited, although progress has been achieved through increased funding, improved coordination between the Ministry of Justice and the Bar Association, the presence of at least two lawyers in each province and the drafting of the country’s first legal aid policy. In May 2019, the Special Rapporteur was informed by the Minister of Justice that the Prime Minister had privately funded an additional group of lawyers dealing primarily with women and women’s issues to provide legal aid for women. Further action should be taken to ensure the quality of the legal assistance provided, streamline and ensure consistency in the provision of legal assistance, guarantee the presence of lawyers beyond the trial stage and ensure that legal aid lawyers receive specialized training and are adequately remunerated (the Minister of Justice reports that many work pro bono). Bringing justice closer to people through judicial service centres and regional appeal courts could also help. While these are being built, perhaps mobile courts could be considered. They have functioned well in other countries, not least in developing countries in Africa. 67. Ensuring justice is child-, gender- and disability-sensitive is important, not least when addressing victims of violence and trafficking related to Sustainable Development Goals 16 and 5. Access to justice through the lens of the principle of leaving no one behind highlights the challenges. The Special Rapporteur has previously noted the problem of recourse to informal solutions in instances of violence against women (A/HRC/33/62, paras. 23–25). Specific individuals and groups, including persons with disabilities, continue to face barriers in accessing justice, due to the lack of physical and other accessibility measures in place. Although progress has been made in Cambodia in the past few decades, there is a need for further action to combat structural issues of discrimination, inequality and exclusion in accessing justice; ensure that judicial institutions are physically and financially accessible; and create an enabling environment for persons to approach the justice system, especially for those who are more vulnerable. As a related matter, the Special Rapporteur notes that the Law on Juvenile Justice is still being rolled out and urges that it be adequately resourced and that all law enforcement officers are fully trained to support implementation of the Law. 68. Accountability for the Cambodian Sustainable Development Goals will depend to a significant degree on the quality and availability of data to measure implementation. Those will be needed to measure implementation of the Goals and understand how those responsible for the implementation are performing. However, measuring implementation of the Cambodian Goals goes beyond traditional notions of measurement. In particular data disaggregation is important. Data collection and analysis should move away from concentrating on national averages and incorporate data on those most left behind so as to identify underlying disparities. That will require information about personal characteristics (such as ethnicity and gender) and other relevant information (such as location) to be collected. Given the difficulty of reaching some individuals and groups at risk of being left behind, the use of civil society data can be a useful supplement to official data sets, such as the national census of March 2019 and the demographic health survey. 69. The Special Rapporteur highlights the challenges of representative sampling (for example in the demographic and health survey) when data disaggregation is necessary. Data disaggregation should be incorporated into the planning and design stage of data collection programmes. Stratified sampling would allow diverse characteristics to be considered separately for identifying trends and making comparisons. That can better ensure that those at risk of being left behind are identified and their development monitored. 70. Finally, public reporting on implementation of the Cambodian Sustainable Development Goals can be an important means of promoting transparency in their implementation and strengthening accountability. During the Special Rapporteur’s mission in April and May 2019, the Government was preparing for its voluntary national review on its implementation plan for the Sustainable Development Goals for the July session of the high-level political forum in New York. The Special Rapporteur notes that reporting under the voluntary national review is at the discretion of Member States, so the Government’s decision to submit a report is welcome. The General Directorate of Planning in the Ministry 17

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