A/HRC/42/47/Add.4 availability of water.” (A/HRC/33/49/Add.1, para. 96(g)). 34. The Special Rapporteur noted during his country visit that more than 1 million people had an inadequate water supply, with no guarantee as to quantity. Furthermore, he indicated that in 2014, 47.7 per cent of water provided throughout the country was nonrevenue water (due to leaks and illegal connections) (A/HRC/33/49/Add.1 paras. 40, 52 and 96(g)). 35. ANDA reported that 51.9 per cent of water produced was non-revenue water in 2016, mainly due to leaks originating in old and damaged networks, theft of water in hydrants, fraudulent and illegal connections and inappropriate use of public streams, parks and cemeteries.9 PLANAPS foresees the creation of a policy for managing drinking water demand among urban and rural populations, the promotion and implementation of quality control programs for water supplied, and the execution of programs for sectorization and monitoring of pressures, fraudulent connections, losses and leaks. PLANAPS also provides for the development and implementation of operation and maintenance or water security plans. The National Climate Change Plan promotes scientific technical research focused on improving systems of wastewater treatment and drinking water treatment, as well as research on the design and promotion of rainwater collection and latrine-adapted systems. 36. The National Policy on Integrated Water Resources Management recognises and prioritizes the human rights to water and recognises that the water resources strategy implies water security. The Government also expressed that access to water for all the population is expected to be improved by the implementation of PLANAPS. With regard to the reduction of leak levels, in 2017 the Government implemented a pipe renewal programme in order to reduce non-revenue water through leak reduction and to provide more efficient access to drinking water. 37. The Special Rapporteur notes that PLANAPS foresees the promotion the execution of programs to address challenges and problems of water systems and provides for the development and implementation of operation and maintenance or water security plans. He finds that such measures are a good first step towards achieving an efficient water supply system, however, targeted measures need to be adopted to ensure that water leaks are reduced and that the most disadvantaged and unserved populations have access to adequate and quality drinking water and sanitation services. The Special Rapporteur notes that the National Climate Change Plan focuses on the research, design and promotion of rainwater collection and latrine-adapted systems. Nevertheless, he is concerned that no concrete effective actions have been adopted to guarantee water access and security and that the level of non-revenue water produced by ANDA is still considerable. PROGRESS ON-GOING: The Special Rapporteur encourages the Government to effectively implement programmes to ensure a continuous water supply and to drastically reduce the level of water loss, so as to increase the availability of water. C. Recommendation on complying with and monitoring water quality standards RECOMMENDATION 10: “Invest in achieving compliance with drinking water requirements throughout the whole country and set up an efficient mechanism effectively to monitor the quality of water for human consumption by means of a transparent process involving user participation.” (A/HRC/33/49/Add.1, para. 96(h)). 38. MINSAL is responsible for testing water quality in rural areas and carries out analysis of water quality with regard to bacteriological, physical and chemical parameters, including heavy metals. The Special Rapporteur underlined in his country visit report that, in 2015, out of 8,410 analyses, 515 samples (i.e. 6.12 per cent) failed to meet the biological 9 10 ANDA, “Memoria de Labores 2016”.