A/HRC/43/42 introduced a national inclusive education policy.131 All efforts are aimed at ensuring that a policy framework is in place to enable all children, especially those who are the most vulnerable, to have equal access to quality education in inclusive settings. The respective strategies include training teachers on how to provide support for students with disabilities, including albinism. G. Access to justice 98. In Malawi, the Penal Code was revised to increase penalties for crimes against persons with albinism, which has reportedly reduced the frequency of such crimes. 132 Additionally, in the United Republic of Tanzania, cases involving crimes against persons with albinism are expedited as a matter of policy. Similar efforts can also be made to expedite crimes of sexual violence against women with albinism, and to recognize attacks against children with albinism as an aggravating factor during sentencing. 99. Legal practitioners in Malawi have been trained, with the support of the United Nations country team, on the contextual elements pertinent to prosecuting the types of crimes relating to persons with albinism. Thus, efforts can also be made to develop the capacity of legal practitioners on gender sensitivity and child-centred approaches when dealing with women and children with albinism in the justice system. VI. Conclusions and recommendations 100. Women and children impacted by albinism, that is, women with albinism, children with albinism and mothers of children with albinism, disproportionately bear the stigma, discrimination and human rights violations resulting from the social exclusion of persons with albinism as a whole. It could reasonably be extrapolated that other family members of persons with albinism bear similar burdens. The situation of other family members, although beyond the scope of the present report, warrants further study. 101. Judging from the submissions received by the Independent Expert, it is clear that the situation of women and children impacted by albinism is directly linked to the ranking on the human development index of the State where they reside; countries with higher poverty rates are those in which the situation is most dire for such women and children. It is known that persons with disabilities are among the poorest globally, and persons with albinism are no exception in this regard. Furthermore, the level of ignorance and lack of awareness about albinism, the lack of education on albinism and the pre-existing and stigmatizing myths on the condition, as well as the relative visibility (hypervisibility) of persons with albinism vis-à-vis the rest of their community, seem to be aggravating factors in terms of discrimination on the ground of “colour”. 102. The situation for women and children impacted by albinism is further exacerbated in communities where harmful practices prevail, including sexual violence based on fetishization of the condition and attacks and killings that are based on mystification of the body of persons with albinism. These forms of violence have particularly targeted women and children with albinism. 103. It is therefore imperative that States, with the support of development partners, take into account the following gender- and child-sensitive recommendations. They are provided in the context of a twin-track approach, involving measures that require integration of the issues raised in the present report into the relevant sectors, and measures that call for targeted and specific focus on women and children impacted by albinism. While all the recommendations apply to countries with records of attacks against persons with albinism, a significant number is also applicable to other countries where attacks may not have been reported, but where various levels of discrimination were reported. 131 132 Submission from Nigeria. Submission from Malawi. 19