A/HRC/25/41
the lower 20 per cent quota for provincial councils after intense advocacy by women’s
rights groups. During its July 2013 session, the Committee on the Elimination of
Discrimination against Women — commenting on the State report of Afghanistan under the
Convention — expressed its concern regarding the election law, and the delegation made
assurances that the women’s parliamentary quota would be preserved given that it is
constitutionally mandated.
V. Peace and reconciliation (including accountability
and transitional justice)
49.
On 18 September 2013, the Government of the Netherlands published a list of 5,000
victims who disappeared or were killed during the communist regime in Afghanistan
between 1978 and 1979. The disclosure of this information, known as the “death lists”,
compiled by Afghan authorities at the time and revealed through a criminal proceeding in
the Netherlands, mobilized victims’ families, civil society and the President’s Office on
transitional justice. Following a meeting with former Jihadi commanders, the Office of the
President issued a public statement recognizing the pain and suffering of concerned
families and announced two days of national mourning on 30 September and 1 October to
commemorate the victims of that period. The families of victims and civil society held
memorials and public rallies calling on the Government and the international community to
provide justice for past crimes and to ensure that atrocities do not reoccur, that perpetrators
are punished and the needs of victims and survivors are addressed. General Abdul Rashid
Dostum, a former militia commander who joined the current presidential ticket of Ashraf
Ghani Ahmadzai as his vice-presidential candidate, issued a public apology to victims of
years of conflict in Afghanistan without accepting any personal responsibility. This episode
underscores the importance of the Government receiving and accepting the “conflict
mapping report” prepared by the AIHRC and publicizing and acting on the report’s findings
and recommendations.
50.
During 2013, UNAMA/OHCHR continued to support the Afghan People’s Dialogue
on Peace initiative. The project promotes a rights-based approach to peace and
reconciliation efforts by enabling ordinary Afghans, including women, men, youth and
minority groups, to express their views on prospects for peace, reconciliation, security,
economic development, human rights, justice and the rule of law. The project has been
implemented in two phases; Phase I from October to December 2011, and Phase II from
June 2013 to mid-2014. By the end of 2013, approximately 6,500 Afghans had been
consulted across the country. In line with the principle of Afghan leadership and ownership
of peace-building initiatives, UNAMA/OHCHR has played a facilitation role, supporting
civil society to lead in promoting this inclusive, rights-centred process that enables the
voices of ordinary Afghans to be heard and considered by all policymakers.
51.
Phase II of the People’s Dialogue anticipates developing local road maps for peace
by holding around 200 focus group discussions with community and religious leaders,
women, youth representatives, former armed opposition and beneficiaries of development
projects. The consultation process is expected to result in the production of 34 local road
maps for peace — one for each province. Reports from focus groups so far indicate that
Afghans are concerned about entrenched impunity, pervasive corruption and abuse of
authority. Participants identified these factors as the main reasons for the insurgency’s
strength, which weakened the legitimate authority of government institutions, the rule of
law and the protection of human rights.
13
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